A/HRC/33/37 94. The agricultural sector, which employs 90 per cent of the economically active population, has been affected both by the displacement of persons and by the land conflicts that such displacement generates.27 95. Education has also been affected by the displacement of both students and teachers and by cuts in subsidies to the school canteens on which many students depend. 96. State expenditure for the health sector has also been reduced. Conditions in hospitals have deteriorated,28 in particular outside the capital, where beds are sometimes shared by as many as four patients. The health service has also been affected by a deficit in personnel as some practitioners have left the country as a result of the political crisis. J. Burundian refugees and internally displaced persons 97. The number of refugees and internally displaced people resulting from the crisis is provided in paragraph 36 above. The outflow of refugees rose substantially during specific periods: following the attempted coup d’état in May 2015, during the July 2015 presidential elections and following the attack on military camps in December 2015. The outflow has since continued at a slower pace, partly owing to increased restrictions on leaving the country, including in the form of numerous checkpoints in border provinces. 98. The independent experts’ investigations have confirmed the link between the political crisis and the massive outflow of Burundians. Refugees interviewed in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Uganda and the United Republic of Tanzania listed the following reasons for leaving: reprisals or fear of reprisals by National Intelligence Service and the Imbonerakure for having participated in demonstrations or having provided material or financial support to demonstrators, for refusing to join the Imbonerakure, for defecting to the opposition or having opinions that are different from those of CNDD-FDD, for being family members of people who have been arrested or for supporting opposition parties. The general climate of insecurity and land-related conflicts, most of which were allegedly political in nature, were also cited as reasons. 99. The majority of refugees live in precarious conditions in camps. In addition, credible allegations that some camps or refugee locations have been infiltrated by the National Intelligence Service and the Imbonerakure contribute to a climate of fear and insecurity among refugees. 100. While there are no precise statistics on persons displaced specifically because of the crisis throughout Burundi, the raids on the so-called opposition neighbourhoods of Bujumbura and the general repression against a real or perceived opposition has resulted in large-scale displacement. VI. Failure of domestic accountability mechanisms 101. The State is responsible for ensuring accountability for human rights violations. The Government of Burundi is blatantly failing to meet its obligations to promptly, thoroughly and impartially investigate and prosecute violations; to bring the alleged perpetrators to justice and sentence those who are found guilty to a punishment commensurate with the seriousness of their actions, including those occupying positions of authority; to provide 27 28 16 See www.worldbank.org/en/country/burundi/overview. See www.unicef.org/appeals/files/UNICEF_Burundi_Humanitarian_SitRep_30Oct2015.pdf.