A/HRC/27/75 VI. Accountability 26. The Government must ensure that all allegations of human rights abuses and violations are fully investigated and that all international human rights norms and standards, including the presumption of innocence, due process and judicial guarantees, are strictly adhered to with regard to violations committed by both the armed groups and the Ukrainian military or their volunteer battalions. Perpetrators of serious violations of international law during the conflict must be brought to justice in order to guarantee individual accountability for actions, including in cases of command responsibility. 27. Accountability for the violence in and around Maidan is yet to be achieved. The Prosecutor General launched investigations into 445 cases of unlawful acts against demonstrators, but only two people were sentenced for ill-treatment of a demonstrator, and three members of a special police unit were placed in pretrial detention in connection with the shooting of protesters. No one has been held accountable for the violent dispersal of demonstrators on 30 November 2013. Accountability is still sought for the violence in Odessa on 2 May 2014 between supporters of unity and those supporting the federalization of Ukraine, which resulted in the death of 48 people, mostly supporters of federalization. Two people were detained on murder charges and placed by court order under house arrest. According to the Ministry of Internal Affairs, of the 33 suspects in the 2 May 2014 violence, 12 were in custody and 21 were under house arrest, charged with intentional homicide and mass riots. The suspects included people from the Russian Federation and the Transnistria region of Moldova. VII. Particular human rights challenges in Crimea 28. In Crimea, the human rights situation has been marked by multiple and continuing violations. The introduction of Russian Federation legislation, in contravention of General Assembly resolution 68/262, hampers the enjoyment of human rights and fundamental freedoms. Numerous legal problems have arisen from the application of Russian Federation legislation and regulations with regard to citizenship, which jeopardize the rights of the residents of this region, in particular those who do not hold Russian citizenship. Residents in Crimea who are known for their “pro-Ukrainian” position face intimidation; many face discrimination, particularly in the areas of education, employment and property rights. Crimean Tatar leaders have been banned from entering Crimea, and Crimean Tatar activists face prosecution and limitations on the enjoyment of their rights. Most residents could not participate in the presidential elections on 25 May 2014 because of the uncertainties and costs associated with travelling, in advance, out of the region in order to be able to vote. 29. Residents of Crimea have seen a deterioration in their rights with regard to freedom of expression, peaceful assembly, association, religion or belief. In addition, no serious attempts have been made to investigate allegations of human rights abuses committed by the so-called Crimean self-defence forces, following the “referendum” in March 2014. As of 1 September 2014, the number of internally displaced persons from Crimea stood at 15,845, according to UNHCR. Furthermore, recommendations addressed to the local authorities and reflected in the OHCHR monthly reports on Crimea have so far been ignored. 30. The situation of four people, including Ukrainian filmmaker, Oleg Sentsov, detained in Crimea in May 2014 on charges of terrorism and transferred to a detention facility of the Russian Federal Security Service (FSB) in Moscow remains unchanged. Representatives of the Ukrainian Consular Office in Moscow have not been allowed to meet with them, under the pretext that the detained men were now citizens of the Russian Federation. Their lawyers have had difficulties accessing their clients and must sign a declaration of non8