A/HRC/22/65 E. Situation in the camps 90. The situation in the camps, forced evictions and the absence of durable solutions remain issues of significant concern, notwithstanding the initiatives taken by the Government, with the support of the international community. Providing access to basic services to people living in the camps remains a major challenge. The independent expert recommends that MINUSTAH again appeal to the Special Rapporteur on adequate housing and the Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons to share their expertise and experience with the Government of Haiti. The independent expert also recommends that a study be conducted to analyse the situation of those persons who have left the camps. 91. The number of single-parent families living in the camps has risen, partly because the strategies developed in transit camps seem to have had an impact on the separation or break-up of families: men leave the camps and abandon their families to go in search of work elsewhere. Thus, an increasing number of women are becoming heads of household and have to meet their families’ needs on their own. 92. Several organizations working in the camps reported an increase in the number of cases of gender-based violence and sexual exploitation in the camps at the beginning of the transition process. The main problems remain follow-up of reported cases, access to services, and impunity for perpetrators. In many cases, camp inhabitants seem to be afraid to file complaints against the perpetrators of violence, because they have little faith in the police or the justice system. With the reduction in the number of camps following the rollout of transition programmes and the increased presence of police and MINUSTAH in and around the camps, the number of cases has reportedly declined since June 2012. V. Protection 93. The population of Haiti has been living under United Nations protection since February 1993, i.e. for more than 20 years. This international protection arrangement has gradually been extended to include many domains, because of the series of disasters that have beset the country. Everyone understands that this situation cannot continue, even though a number of conditions must be met to allow for the gradual transfer of international protection functions to the Haitian authorities, as provided for under the “Transition plan” set forth in Security Council document S/2012/743. 94. To provide such protection, the independent expert suggested to the Prime Minister that a mechanism be established consisting of four main elements. 95. An interministerial committee on the rule of law should be established under the authority of an interministerial delegate reporting directly to the Prime Minister or of a deputy prime minister, to ensure that all ministries, including those that deal with social affairs, engage in the establishment of the rule of law. 96. The Office of the Ombudsperson should be given a stronger mandate for providing protection nationwide against maladministration and abuse of rights. 97. Protection must be provided against natural hazards and a stronger role given to the Civil Defence Department, which is responsible for improving coordination of emergency plans. 98. Lastly, in anticipation of the departure of MINUSTAH, the Human Rights Section should now open a bureau of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights in Port-au-Prince, since Haiti will still need to receive international protection. GE.13-10672 17