A/HRC/45/24 11. Several States reported having adopted policies requiring the inclusion of human rights training in teacher education. In Andorra, under Decrees of 11 July 2018 and of 24 October 2018, skills training on promoting democratic citizenship and human rights education were introduced in pre-service training for teachers. In Brazil, human rights education is mandatory in both the pre-service and in-service training of education professionals. In Slovenia, the rules governing traineeships for such professionals stipulate that their training must address the promotion of democracy and respect for diversity and multiculturalism among students. In El Salvador, human rights modules are mandatory in the pre-service training programmes for teachers and are a prerequisite for teacher qualification. In Mexico, the educational reform carried out in 2019 highlighted the need to develop a national strategy for the improvement of teacher training colleges, including through human rights training. 12. States have also reported the adoption of policies addressing human rights in the learning environment. In Albania, in line with the national agenda for the rights of the child, 2017–2020, all school-level policies must be based on the principle that students have the right to learn in a positive and safe environment in which respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms is guaranteed. In Finland, students at all levels have a statutory right to welfare services, as detailed in the national core curriculum. In accordance with the Pupil and Student Welfare Act of 2013, student welfare is organized through cooperation with the education administration and health and social services and is implemented in cooperation with students and their guardians. In Cyprus, under the regulations on the operation of secondary schools adopted in 2017, procedures have been established to help educators and other professionals, such as psychologists and social workers, to address problems facing students, including learning disabilities, eating disorders, sexual abuse and domestic violence. In 2015, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sport and Youth issued the Code of Conduct against Racism and Guide for Managing and Recording Racist Incidents in schools. In Cambodia, under the Law on Education learners, educational personnel and parents or guardians have the right to make a request, or raise a complaint with, the competent education authorities at various levels, as well as to the courts, if they believe that their rights in the area of education have been violated. 13. Many States have established policies aimed at eliminating violence at school. In Slovenia, as of the school year 2016/17, amendments to the Organization and Financing of Education Act have specified a policy of zero tolerance of any violence against or among children. In Cambodia, the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport endorsed the policy on child protection in school, in 2016, which mandates all public and private educational establishments to develop systems and mechanisms to ensure that all children are protected from all forms of violence and harm, whether physical, mental, emotional, sexual or psychological. In Cyprus, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sport and Youth developed the national strategy for preventing and addressing school violence, 2018–2022. Finland reported that the Ministry of Education and Culture began the preparation of a national action plan in 2018 to improve safe learning communities, from early childhood to higher education. The Ministry also established a working group to survey methods for preventing and intervening in cases of bullying and for promoting peace at school at all levels. The working group completed its work in March 2018 and issued 24 proposed measures to safeguard the safety and well-being of every child and young person at all levels of education, including training. 14. States reported policies that ensure access to high-quality education for children and young people in situations of exclusion or vulnerability. In Cambodia, the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport endorsed the policy on inclusive education, under which all persons with special needs have access to education and life-long learning opportunities. The Ministry has also provided scholarships for primary and secondary schools to offer to indigenous children and young people, benefiting 12,164 students in the 2018/19 school year, with priority given to girls. In Cyprus, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sport and Youth has issued and implemented, with the support of the Cyprus Pedagogical Institute, two action plans, for the periods 2016–2018 and 2019–2021, for the integration of migrant students and an action plan to promote gender equality in the education system. In Italy, in 2019, the Ministry of Education, University and Research signed a memorandum of understanding with the Carabinieri to provide human rights, citizenship and democracy education, among other things, for young people in juvenile detention centres. In Mexico, in the new curriculum for basic education launched in 2017 it is recognized that students 5