A/HRC/41/43/Add.1
that investment (78 per cent) being in the ASEAN region. 1 As part of efforts to promote
economic growth, a range of major projects are being promoted by the Government,
including the eastern economic corridor and special economic zones.
6.
In 2016, the Government launched “Thailand 4.0”, which sets out a series of goals to
be achieved by 2032 to transform Thailand into a high-income country and reduce social
disparity. The Thailand 4.0 strategy is planned to align with and support the twelfth
national economic and social development plan for the period 2017–2021, which is based
on the “sufficiency economy philosophy” and aims to set out development directions and
strategies to achieve the objectives of security, prosperity, and sustainability. 2
7.
Since 2014, the country has been headed by an interim military Government under
the National Council for Peace and Order. A new Constitution drawn up by the Council
was ratified in 2017, after its approval through a national referendum, replacing the interim
Constitution that had been enacted by the Council in 2014. That prompted the promulgation
of the 20-year national strategies (2018–2037) and national reform plans covering 11 areas
and providing guidelines for the country to move forward in line with the Thailand 4.0
agenda and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.
8.
A transition back to civilian rule and the holding of elections under the 2017
Constitution was announced for early 2019; elections were held on 24 March 2019.
9.
The 2014 interim Constitution empowered the National Council for Peace and Order
to rule by decree, issue any order for the sake of reforms in any field (art. 44) and declare
that all such orders were legal, constitutional and conclusive (art. 47). The 2017
Constitution confirmed that orders issued by the Council were constitutional and lawful and
should remain in effect until they are revoked.
10.
Under the 2014 interim Constitution, the National Council for Peace and Order
issued a series of public orders; the Working Group learned that several of them restricted
the enjoyment of a number of human rights. Notably, Council order No. 3/2015 restricted
the rights of individuals wishing to take part legitimately in non-violent protests, including
in the context of large-scale development projects. By order No. 3/2015, political
gatherings of five or more persons were prohibited, and the military authorities were
permitted to confiscate property and search and detain individuals for up to seven days
without a court order. The Government informed the Working Group that moving towards
the general elections scheduled for 24 March 2019, the Council had issued order No.
22/2018 to repeal, wholly or partially, nine previous orders, including order No. 3/2015 (art.
12 only).
III. Engagement of businesses with the business and human
rights agenda
11.
The Working Group held meetings with representatives of the business sector and
found that while the business and human rights agenda was still new, there was growing
interest in and awareness of its importance, especially among larger companies with
exposure to global markets. The Working Group learned about a number of initiatives, such
as the code of ethics of the Chamber of Commerce and the code of conduct of the
Federation of Thai Industries. The Working Group encouraged the harmonization of these
frameworks with the Guiding Principles. During a meeting with the Thai Stock Exchange,
the Working Group learned that several major Thai companies were listed in different
global sustainability indexes.
12.
The Government informed the Working Group that the Global Compact Network
Thailand has chosen business and human rights as one of its key themes to streamline the
Guiding Principles and the guidelines and standards of Organization for Economic
1
2
Stock Exchange of Thailand, “2016 outward foreign direct investment of Thai listed firms”, available
at www.set.or.th/highlights/files/20170731_en_setresearch.pdf.
See www.nesdb.go.th/nesdb_en/ewt_w3c/ewt_dl_link.php?nid=434 5.
5
Select target paragraph3
Connect to a paragraph
Connect to an entity
Disable highlights
Add to table of contents