A/HRC/13/32 Acknowledging that small-scale peasant agriculture, fishing, livestock rearing can contribute to mitigate the climate crisis and to secure a sustainable food production for all, Reminding States to comply with and effectively implement all their obligations as they apply to peasants under international instruments, in particular those related to human rights, in consultation and cooperation with the peasants, Believing that this Declaration is an essential step forward the recognition, promotion and protection of the rights and freedoms of peasants, including the elaboration and adoption of an International Convention on the Rights of Peasants, Recognizing and reaffirming that peasants are entitled without discrimination to all human rights recognized in international law, Solemnly adopts the following Declaration on the Rights of Peasants: Article I Definition of peasants: rights holders A peasant is a man or woman of the land, who has a direct and special relationship with the land and nature through the production of food and/or other agricultural products. Peasants work the land themselves, rely above all on family labour and other small-scale forms of organizing labour. Peasants are traditionally embedded in their local communities and they take care of local landscapes and of agro-ecological systems. The term peasant can apply to any person engaged in agriculture, cattle-raising, pastoralism, handicrafts-related to agriculture or a related occupation in a rural area. This includes Indigenous people working on the land. The term peasant also applies to landless. According to the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO 1984) definition[1], the following categories of people are considered to be landless and are likely to face difficulties in ensuring their livelihood: 1. Agricultural labour households with little or no land; 2. Non-agricultural households in rural areas, with little or no land, whose members are engaged in various activities such as fishing, making crafts for the local market, or providing services; 3. Other rural households of pastoralists, nomads, peasants practising shifting cultivation, hunters and gatherers, and people with similar livelihoods. Article II Rights of peasants 1. Women peasants and men peasants have equal rights. 2. Peasants (women and men) have the right to the full enjoyment, as a collective or as individuals, of all human rights and fundamental freedoms as recognized in the Charter of the United Nations, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and international human rights law. 3. Peasants (women and men) are free and equal to all other people and individuals and have the right to be free from any kind of discrimination, in the exercise of their rights, in particular to be free from discriminations based on their economic, social and cultural status. 4. Peasants (women and men) have the right to actively participate in policy design, decision making, implementation, and monitoring of any project, program or policy affecting their territories. 27