A/HRC/19/63 during and after a natural disaster, including with a view towards prevention and disaster risk reduction.70 3. Private actors and corporate social responsibility 97. It is essential that private actors providing assistance during a natural disaster operate in full compliance with humanitarian crisis standards and guidelines. To this end, there is a need for further elaboration and clarification of the global parameters and standards of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in relation to natural disasters.71 4. Cooperation between States, international and national organizations and associations 98. Stakeholders must work together to identify and support inter-sectoral coordination of the allocation of roles and responsibilities for child protection issues from the earliest stages of the emergency. 99. Lead roles and responsibilities should be allocated among responding actors in key areas, in accordance with the mandates of organizations, their expertise and capacities to deal with particular situations and issues. 100. Steps should be taken to ensure that information exchange and coordination mechanisms are established and strengthened before emergencies occur. 101. A comprehensive overview is needed to review mandate issues as well as the effective coordination between relevant stakeholders. All organizations and sectoral services should review their delivery processes in emergency situations to ensure that their systems and practices do not, even inadvertently, heighten risks faced by children. They must also ensure that their policy and programmatic activities are in full compliance with the guidelines and standards established by international organizations and inter-agency initiatives in relation to child protection in natural disasters.72 102. Protection must be deliberately integrated into the early design and implementation of assistance programmes and extensive attention paid to policy, threats, risks, community assets, practice, capacity building and effective monitoring and reporting. 103. Consideration should be given to the creation of child protection officer posts within humanitarian response teams. All deployable and in-country staff members, including United Nations resident coordinators, should receive comprehensive training on child protection in a natural disaster. 104. The adoption of pre-emergency cooperation agreements between States and participating organizations should be considered, in order to ensure a timely and rapid response in the event of a natural disaster. 105. Consideration should be given to the establishment of accountability mechanisms to ensure that national and international actors take ownership of the issue of child protection and act in compliance with existing guidelines in a natural disaster. 70 71 72 CPWG, Too Little, Too Late (see footnote 12), pp. 34-35. See UNICEF, United Nations Global Compact and Save the Children, “Children’s Rights and Business Principles Initiative” and United Nations Global Compact, “The Ten Principles.” Including those from CPWG, UNICEF, UNDP and Save the Children, 19