A/HRC/33/68 committed by non-State actors. The failure of a State to act with due diligence to prevent acts of violence against women when its authorities knew or should know the danger of violence, or to investigate and punish, constituted a human rights violation. 11. The Special Rapporteur pointed out that, although the obligations of States were well established, they had not been fully implemented. She stressed that the principle of equality between men and women was integral to Sustainable Development Goal 5, which applied equally to indigenous women. The Special Rapporteur stressed that the theme of the annual resolution of the Human Rights Council on violence against women – focusing on preventing and responding to violence against indigenous women – was an important opportunity to spell out specific measures that States should take to respect, protect and fulfil the rights of indigenous women and girls to a life free from violence. 12. The Director of Centro de Culturas Indigenas del Perú, Tarcila Rivera Zea, thanked the Human Rights Council for having included indigenous women in its agenda. For indigenous women, inclusion should be accompanied by addressing power imbalances and racist ideologies that result in discrimination against indigenous women and girls. Ms. Rivera Zea recalled the great contribution of indigenous women and children, and stressed the importance of inclusiveness, including with a view to improving the access of indigenous girls and women to education. The inclusion of the cultural diversity and historical background of indigenous peoples in educational material was crucial for nonindigenous children to be aware of the positive contribution of indigenous peoples to society. 13. Ms. Rivera Zea recommended opening a dialogue between the domestic justice system and indigenous justice to foster better understanding of indigenous women’s rights, including both their collective and individual rights. While stressing the importance of indigenous collective rights, she also emphasized the centrality of indigenous women’s individual rights, not only with regard to domestic violence but also to sexual and reproductive health and rights, and the broader right to health. 14. The Managing Director of the Riverview Global Partners, Josephine Cashman, speaking as a Worimi woman from Australia, stated that, despite the progress made in gender equality in Australia, indigenous women continued to live as second-class citizens and were victims of violence and abuse that resulted from negative attitudes, including tolerance of abuse and violence. In the Northern Territory of Australia, the majority of indigenous male prisoners were in jail for serious violent offences, usually committed against their wives, girlfriends, mothers or children. Ms. Cashman pointed out that the national rate of hospitalization of indigenous women for non-fatal family violence was 35.7 times that of non-indigenous women. In the Northern Territory, the statistics were even more shocking, given that the rate was 86.5 times that for non-indigenous women and girls. She pointed out some of the root causes of family violence, and urged that an approach based on the individual responsibility of offenders be promoted. 15. Ms. Cashman referred to several programmes aimed at addressing violence against women and children. She stressed the need to allocate adequate funding to meet the chronic needs of victims of violence and for reforming offenders, and to examine innovative and sustainable models addressing the violent behaviour of offenders, for the safety of all in their communities. This should include programmes to combat violence against women, and remedies such as ensuring sustainable employment and other social services for victims, and training and education of offenders convicted of violence against women. Lastly, she urged States to consider the police’s ability to respond in a culturally appropriate way, in particular within the justice system, where aboriginal victims faced the most severe barriers, and to support programmes strengthening data collection in order to map progress. 4