A/HRC/23/59 duty-bearers were meeting their human rights obligations. National accountability mechanisms included complaint systems, judicial remedies and independent monitoring bodies, which should be accessible, effective and transparent. Any child victim of a violation of the right to health should have access to effective judicial or other remedies at both the national and international levels. B. Issues addressed by panellists 32. With regard to what accountability meant and the relevance of human rights to it, Mr. Hunt stated that health and human rights issues could not be addressed by lawyers or health experts independently, and that both needed to cooperate. In the context of the right of the child to health, accountability first meant monitoring what was happening (including using indicators and benchmarks, and gathering other information, such as “shadow reports” prepared by non-governmental organizations); second, reviewing the indicators, benchmarks, shadow reports and other information, and carefully assessing whether human rights commitments were being kept; and third, taking remedial action. Judicial accountability was extremely important, but it was accountability of last resort. Accountability for the right of the child to health was critical, and it required collaboration across law, human rights, health and other professionals. Accountability was, however, just one stage in the policy cycle. There were also the stages of situational analysis, policy formulation, budgeting and implementation. The right of the child to health had to be integrated into each stage of this policy cycle. Mr. Hunt reiterated that this could not be done without close, sustained and respectful collaboration between the human rights and health communities. 33. With regard to ensuring greater impact of the Committee on the Rights of the Child at the national level, Maria Herzog stated that the Committee’s weakest point was the lack of a follow-up mechanism and the difficulty in monitoring the national implementation of its concluding observations. It was up to States to translate recommendations made by the Committee into concrete plans, policies and programmes, and to ensure that adequate financing was made available. She emphasized the importance for all personnel working in the health sector to be versed in the human rights dimension of children’s health. Other key actors, including businesses and the media, should also be involved and informed, as they were crucial in preventing illnesses and ensuring the greatest degree of access to health. Recent examples of actions by the Committee to strengthen the right of the child to health included four new general comments on the right of the child to health, the right to play, the best interests of the child and the responsibilities of businesses with regard to children’s rights. She emphasized the responsibilities of businesses with respect to the right of the child to health, including businesses that caused environmental degradation or engaged in the employment of children, as well as the various gaps that the pharmaceutical industry needed to address with regard to children’s access to the right to health. 34. The Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Violence against Children addressed the impact of violence against children and the accountability mechanisms that were needed to ensure its prevention and elimination. She stated that violence against children compromised all human rights, including the right to health, and referred to the importance of health professionals in detecting violence. Hospitals were usually the first point of contact for children who had been victims of sexual violence; it was therefore important that they be prepared to offer immediate and even urgent assistance to children who had endured sexual abuse. In a growing number of countries, health-care centres were a sound platform for hosting one-stop shops for child victims of violence, where health and social services, police and justice departments joined hands to provide the necessary technical advice and support, protect child victims and secure their rehabilitation, guided by 10