A/HRC/39/72 Report of the Independent Expert on the situation of human rights in Somalia Contents Page I. Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 4 A. Political, socioeconomic and human rights landscape .......................................................... 4 B. National constitutional convention ....................................................................................... 4 C. Economy ............................................................................................................................... 5 D. Challenges ............................................................................................................................ 5 II. Mission to Somalia ........................................................................................................................ 5 III. Capacity of the Government to implement its human rights obligations and cooperation with human rights mechanisms ............................................................................................................. 6 A. Establishment of the National Human Rights Commission .................................................. 7 B. Somalia Joint Human Rights Programme ............................................................................. 8 C. Strengthening institutions for justice and the rule of law ..................................................... 8 D. Fight against Al-Shabaab, and security situation .................................................................. 9 E. Freedom of expression .......................................................................................................... 9 F. Follow-up on the right to freedom of association ................................................................. 10 G. Rights of persons with disabilities ........................................................................................ 11 Humanitarian situation: internal displacement, drought and the impact of floods and humanitarian responses ................................................................................................................. 11 V. Rights of children in Somalia ........................................................................................................ 13 VI. Women’s rights, the role of traditional justice mechanisms (xeer) and the administration of justice ........................................................................................................................................ 14 VII. Puntland ........................................................................................................................................ 15 VIII. Somaliland .................................................................................................................................... 16 IX. African Union Mission in Somalia ................................................................................................ 16 X. Inter-clan conflicts and the culture of arms ................................................................................... 17 XI. Conclusions ................................................................................................................................... 18 XII. Recommendations ......................................................................................................................... 19 IV. 3