A/HRC/39/72 44. The Federal Government of Somalia requested the establishment of a Drought Impact and Needs Assessment and subsequent Resilience and Recovery Framework in August 2017 to identify the root causes of recurrent drought and to develop a strategy for medium-term recovery and long-term resilience. The Assessment and Framework align with the Humanitarian Response Plan, the National Development Plan and the National Disaster Management Policy and are supported by the World Bank, the United Nations and the European Union. 45. It is of paramount importance that the Drought Impact and Needs Assessment and the Resilience and Recovery Framework be funded in a timely manner. In order to create impetus for partner funding, the Federal Government of Somalia and Federal Member States should primarily inject local resources in the furtherance of the ownership they have demonstrated in developing the plan. 46. According to the UNHCR-led Protection and Return Monitoring Network,11 having averted a famine and deaths during the drought period, Somalia suffered heavy rains, floods and a cyclone/storm that resulted in deaths and affected livelihoods, livestock, shelter and key infrastructure across Somalia. Within a few weeks, Somalia experienced the heaviest rainfall in more than three decades. At the onset of the flooding in early May 2018, the Federal President accompanied by representatives of the international community visited the flooded areas in Beletweyne to assess damage and offer moral and material support. 47. An estimated 794,761 people were affected by the flooding in southern and central States, and more than 231,335 people were temporarily displaced. In total, 21 people were reported dead, including 9 in Hirshabelle State, 4 in Jubbaland State and 8 in the Banadir region. In Galmudug State, more than 7,200 people were affected and an estimated 5,248 temporarily displaced. The floods increased the high risk of an outbreak in several areas of waterborne communicable diseases, such as malaria and acute watery diarrhoea/cholera. 48. The 2018 Humanitarian Response Plan, valued at an estimated $1.5 billion, has only been 25 per cent funded. In addition, logistical challenges have continued to hamper humanitarian access and response in many areas. In that regard, on 20 May 2018 the Federal Government of Somalia and the United Nations launched an appeal for $80 million. The appeal aimed to provide the affected population with immediate assistance and avert a larger-scale humanitarian crisis, while seeking to capitalize on the agricultural potential the rains presented in order to address the food insecurity exacerbated by protracted drought. 49. The population of internally displaced persons in Somalia had doubled since the previous report mainly due to climatic conditions, but also to the continuing conflict, making Somalia one of the world’s largest displacement crises.12 In total, 108,500 Somali refugees have returned from the Yemeni conflict to Somalia since December 2017. In the absence of formal settlements, internally displaced persons and refugee returnees tend to join existing, congested settlements or establish temporary sites in urban and peri-urban areas, leading to half of all internally displaced Somalis to be located in and around Mogadishu and Baidoa. 50. In December 2017, informal settlements for internally displaced persons around Mogadishu, which had had infrastructure and access to considerable international humanitarian support, were demolished without due process. Before December 2017, mass evictions had occurred in March 2015, whereby 3,500 households — involving 123,421 individuals — had been evicted from the KM11 area of Mogadishu. In total, 143,510 individuals had been evicted in 2016 and 153,682 individuals in 2017. Forced evictions multiply the protection and displacement crises affecting Somalia. The displaced are unable to have access to or assert their basic rights, mainly due to a power imbalance between them and the evicting parties. The displaced have settled on private and government land, for which they do not have lasting tenure or security guarantees. In Mogadishu, the growing demand for private and public land since the withdrawal of Al-Shabaab has increased 11 12 12 https://reliefweb.int/report/somalia/ocha-somalia-flash-update-6-humanitarian-impact-heavy-rains25-may-2018. https://www.uninsomalia.org/durable-solutions-initiative.