A/HRC/27/71 framework that also promotes accountability, justice sector institutions that are accountable and support the rule of law, timely and equitable access to justice and effective enforcement of laws and rights as well as stronger cooperation between State and non-State institutions. B. Police reforms 22. The Independent Expert was informed of concerns about the inefficacy of the Somali Police Force in carrying out its protection activities, in particular its investigative functions. The Police Force is a key component of the justice and security sectors and must be prioritized for resource mobilization, technical assistance and capacity-building if Somalia is to make the transition to a culture of respect for the rule of law and the fight against impunity. In February 2013, the Federal Government of Somalia adopted the Somali Police Force Strategic Action Plan for Policing for the period 2013 to 2017. In the Action Plan, the Federal Government recognizes the challenges facing the Police Force and indicates that its comprehensive development programme would require an estimated US$50 million to bring it up to international standards. 23. That estimate, however, does not include operational costs or the development of the necessary oversight and coordination functions for operational and accountability requirements. Key action points under the Somali Police Force Strategic Action Plan include: conducting joint planning and coordination by all security forces to establish the rule of law in newly liberated areas, strengthening management capabilities and skills of the Somali police leadership, developing human resources and improving infrastructure and equipment. In the Action Plan it is estimated that it would cost between US$9 million and US$12 million to re-establish policing in newly liberated areas in the first year. 24. The Independent Expert believes that it is important that international partners identify areas that require support from among the two above-mentioned action plans’ activities and objectives, resource, management and skills issues. For instance the Independent Expert was advised that some reforms in the justice sector were being implemented with the support of various partners, such as the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), the Government of Italy and the International Development Law Organization. C. African Union Mission in Somalia 25. The Independent Expert notes that a stable Somalia is the key to the realization of all human rights. The Independent Expert commends AMISOM and the Somali National Armed Forces for their sacrifices in deploying troops to fight Al-Shabaab and bring stability to Somalia. However, the Independent Expert is concerned that, in spite of their obligations to respect human rights law and international humanitarian law, reports allege that those troops were responsible for violations, during and after their operations in the newly liberated areas. Military operations have exacerbated internal and external displacement of the civilian population. The Independent Expert was disappointed to learn that as a probable result of improper planning, the recent offensives against Al-Shabaab might have interfered with the planting season, hence contributing to the current food insecurity. 26. The Independent Expert urges AMISOM and the Somali National Armed Forces to comply with human rights and international humanitarian law and practise zero tolerance to sexual exploitation and abuse. All reported violations should be fully investigated and the perpetrators brought to account. 7