A/HRC/43/3 102. OHCHR actively supported follow-up to the recommendations of the SecretaryGeneral’s High-level Panel on Digital Cooperation and held consultations with stakeholders in that regard. 103. Following the launch of a global project on business and human rights in technology to embed respect for human rights in business practices related to digital technology, OHCHR held broad-based multi-stakeholder consultations and finalized a paper26 outlining the project’s aim and focus. 3. Electoral processes 104. OHCHR monitored human rights in electoral contexts and conducted related advocacy and assistance for the promotion and protection of human rights, including in Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Colombia, Guatemala and Pakistan. In Guinea-Bissau, Malawi, Mozambique, Sri Lanka and Tunisia, OHCHR supported the United Nations country teams, the national human rights institutions and civil society with human rights monitoring in the context of elections. 4. Support to national human rights institutions and regional mechanisms 105. OHCHR continued to assist States in establishing national human rights institutions, providing related legal advice to the Governments of Botswana, Kiribati, Switzerland and the United Arab Emirates, among other countries. It also provided advisory services to strengthen the capacity of national human rights institutions, including in Bangladesh, Haiti, Mozambique, Tajikistan and Turkey. 106. OHCHR continued its fellowship programme for staff of A status national human rights institutions to expose them to its work and the international human rights system. 107. OHCHR further strengthened its cooperation with regional organizations. It signed memorandums of understanding with the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights and the International Conference on the Great Lakes Region to formalize longstanding partnerships. In October, it participated in the third African Union-United Nations technical dialogue on human rights, in the Gambia. 5. Human rights education 108. In preparation of the new phase (2020–2024) of the World Programme for Human Rights Education, dedicated to youth, OHCHR stepped up its work promoting human rights education for youth and by youth. In August, it published a manual on human rights training methodology to enhance the impact of human rights training. 27 OHCHR continued to work directly with States, for instance, in launching the first nationwide programmes on Tunisian national television promoting human rights. III. Reflections of the High Commissioner on 2019 and conclusions 109. During the first year of the High Commissioner’s mandate, she focused on inequalities and discrimination in all their forms as key drivers for human rights violations. Inequalities in income, wealth, access to resources, and access to justice constitute fundamental challenges to the principles of equality, dignity and human rights for every human being. They result from poor governance, corruption, lack of rule of law, discrimination and weak or biased institutions: they are generated as much by violations of civil and political rights as of economic, social and cultural rights. Indeed, these two aspects feed into each other – each force intensifying the direction and strength of the other, to create a virtuous cycle, or a vicious one. 26 27 Available at www.ohchr.org/Documents/Issues/Business/B-Tech/B_%20Tech_Project_ revised_scoping_final.pdf. From Planning to Impact: A Manual on Human Rights Training Methodology (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.19.XIV.1). 15