A/HRC/45/53 issues that include economic, social and cultural rights, and working to ensure human rights are mainstreamed. 79. In response to the enormous challenges and complexities of the country’s transition process, the Independent Expert acknowledges the technical assistance that UNAMID provides for various State entities, including workshops on legal reform for the Bar Association; orientation workshops on human rights responsibility for senior government officials; capacity development for the National Human Rights Commission and the commission on disarmament, demobilization and reintegration; and planning a national conference on women’s rights; which is aimed at generating momentum for the ratification of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women. In February 2020, UNAMID, in cooperation with the OHCHR country office in the Sudan, implemented a significant workshop for senior commanders of the Rapid Support Forces. The workshop served as the baseline for enhancing the capacity of State security entities as a means of improving accountability and helping to put in place the building blocks for security sector reform in the Sudan. 80. Under the State liaison function, the National Human Rights Commission Regional Office in El Fasher was established, as were four human rights resource centres at universities in El Daein (East Darfur), El Fasher (North Darfur), El Geneina (West Darfur) and Nyala (South Darfur). This contributes to strategies to sustain human rights work after the completion of the mandate of UNAMID, through the Commission, academic institutions and civil society. Three study tours were organized in October 2019 to Liberia and Morocco for the Commission, the Justice Truth and Reconciliation Commission and civil society groups. In addition, four workshops were also conducted in Khartoum in the period September–November 2019 on the role of civil society in the transitional justice process and the trial monitoring. This offered national partners the opportunity to learn from others’ experiences to improve their understanding of transitional justice. VII. Conclusions and recommendations 81. The Independent Expert underlines that the installation of the Government in September 2019 and adoption of the constitutional document provide hope for the transformation of the Sudan. The Independent Expert notes the progress made and is encouraged by positive steps taken by the Government to address systemic human rights and rule-of-law concerns, including commitments to tackle impunity. However, major challenges lie ahead, which require sustained international support and engagement with the country. The support should entail clear and unambiguous strategies and integrated visions to help guide the Sudan through a challenging transition period. 82. The Independent Expert notes the efforts being made to reach a comprehensive peace agreement to end the conflict in Darfur, South Kordofan and Blue Nile. While this process is ongoing, the Independent Expert reiterates his concern that the structural drivers of the conflict in Darfur remain fundamentally unaddressed, as evidenced by the continued documentation of human rights violations and abuses. This situation highlights the existence of protection gaps in the backdrop of weak State institutions, which necessitate continuous engagement, advocacy and programmatic intervention in Darfur to provide a framework for tangible human rights support. This will enhance the capacity of law enforcement and judicial institutions, national human rights agencies and civil society groups to adopt human rights-based approaches to strengthen access to justice, promote accountability, contribute to the expansion of democratic spaces, and will also enhance the implementation of an inclusive and people-centred transitional justice programme. 83. The Independent Expert commends the cooperation of the Government of the Sudan in ensuring the successful deployment of the OHCHR start-up team to Khartoum, and the positive engagement of both sides in ensuring the implementation of the OHCHR mandate in the Sudan. The Independent Expert also welcomes the significant human rights mandate provided in Security Council resolution 2524 16