A/HRC/36/40 Report of the Independent Expert on the promotion of a democratic and equitable international order Contents Page I. Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 3 II. Positive features ............................................................................................................................ 4 III. Challenges ..................................................................................................................................... 6 A. Environmental degradation, evictions and forced resettlement ............................................ 7 B. Labour rights violations ........................................................................................................ 8 C. Circumventing rules by outsourcing ..................................................................................... 9 D. Public-private partnerships ................................................................................................... 10 E. Reprisals ............................................................................................................................... 11 F. Business bias ......................................................................................................................... 12 G. Immunity of the World Bank from litigation in domestic courts? ........................................ 13 H. Credit-rating agencies ........................................................................................................... 14 I. Ongoing research .................................................................................................................. 15 Good practices ............................................................................................................................... 15 A. Environmental and Social Framework .................................................................................. 15 B. Inspection Panel .................................................................................................................... 17 C. Taking preventive and corrective action ............................................................................... 18 D. Compliance Advisor Ombudsman ........................................................................................ 19 V. A way forward............................................................................................................................... 19 VI. Conclusions and recommendations ............................................................................................... 21 Annexes ............................................................................................................................................................... 24 Bibliography ........................................................................................................................................................ 47 IV. 2