A/HRC/33/22 33. An integrated approach involving all relevant stakeholders, and incorporating civil registration and vital statistics into relevant global, regional and national development plans, is needed. Partnership cooperation at all levels, as defined under Sustainable Development Goal 17 targets on the means of implementation, is crucial in terms of the technical, capacity and financial support needed to strengthen civil registration and vital statistics. D. Leaving no one behind: a human rights-based approach to monitoring 34. In order to bring about accountability for delivering on the commitments contained in the 2030 Agenda, particularly leaving no one behind and reaching those furthest behind first, effective strategies for monitoring and data collection need to be in place at all levels. The importance of an approach to monitoring and analysis that reveals the situation of all individuals and groups within a country cannot be overemphasized, to close inequities in outcomes and gaps in data coverage between different groups of the population. In response to the promise that no one will be left behind, and related 2030 Agenda commitments to equality, monitoring and review, there has been a strong drive to improve the availability and quality of data, by way of greater data disaggregation and a “data revolution”. This provides a key opportunity to strengthen civil registration and vital statistics as a reliable source of data to reflect the situation of all groups of the population. 35. The commitment to improved and disaggregated data also offers an opportunity to expand a human rights approach to data. However, at the same time, it poses challenges for the protection of human rights. In accordance with international legal obligations, the monitoring and review process should be carried out on the basis of a human rights approach throughout the data collection process, and in relation to data disaggregation. This requires implementation of the core human rights principles and standards identified by OHCHR and partners in this respect, which include: (a) participation, (b) disaggregation, (c) self-identification, (d) transparency, (e) privacy and (f) accountability.24 (a) Participation is instrumental to the realization of all components of a human rights-based approach to data, and to retaining trust in official and other relevant data and statistics. All data collection exercises should include means for the free, active and meaningful participation of relevant stakeholders, in particular the most marginalized population groups. Participation should be considered in relation to the entire data collection process, from strategic planning through to data collection, storage, analysis and dissemination. In some contexts, to ensure the protection of groups who may be uncomfortable or threatened by the data collection, civil society organizations, national human rights institutions and other relevant stakeholders should participate insofar as they are competent to represent the groups’ interests; (b) Data disaggregation is a human rights obligation, a commitment in the 2030 Agenda and a need that is recognized in national statistics systems. It is essential to reveal and enable assessment of inequality and discrimination. A human rights approach in this regard requires focusing on the most disadvantaged or marginalized groups, and on inequalities within the population. Capacities and partnerships should be developed to support States in collecting and publishing data disaggregated by grounds of discrimination recognized in international human rights law, which include sex, age, ethnicity, migration or displacement status, disability, religion, civil status, income, sexual orientation and gender identity. Data disaggregation is not a value-neutral exercise, and the associated risks must be addressed. A human rights approach requires that efforts to improve the quality and 24 These principles are further elaborated in OHCHR, “A human rights-based approach to data”. 11