A/HRC/13/15 criminalising violence against women and achievements in the field of economic and cultural rights. It made recommendations. 72. Peru recognized and shared Costa Rica’s vision that reducing military expenditure was a strategy to dedicate more resources to the fight against poverty, inequality and social exclusion, and a moral imperative for all nations. It recognized achievements in parliamentary representation of women and the Electoral Code’s reform establishing gender parity, hoping for equal representation of women and minorities at public administration’s highest levels. It asked about the Autonomous Development of Indigenous Peoples Bill and the National Commission on Indigenous Affairs. Peru made recommendations. 73. Ghana referred to the limited access of indigenous and migrant children and children living in rural areas to education, health and their low standard of living. Ghana also underlined the wage gap between men and women and the disadvantageous working and housing conditions for indigenous people, Afro-descendants and migrants. Ghana made recommendations. 74. Guatemala asked clarification, as to how the right to education of migrant children and the access to justice for migrants were enforced as well as about policies to improve the integration of the indigenous population and Afro-Descendants people. 75. Ecuador noted the existence of a national institution complying with the Paris Principles. It acknowledged that the National Development Plan incorporates human rights as a cross-cutting issue. It noted CRC concern about limited access to health and education for indigenous and migrant children. 76. Responding to additional questions, Costa Rica reported that, given an increase in the national budget and in staff in the judicial system, it is the country with the highest investment in the judicial system and rate of judges per capita in the region. The Criminal Procedure Code has been modernized. Costa Rica has also promoted the adoption of legislation to protect victims, to combat organized crime, to combat trafficking and domestic violence. Human rights training to judicial officials is provided through the Judicial School and the authorities promote the application of the Brasilia Rules for vulnerable populations. 77. With regard to the situation of persons deprived of their liberty, Costa Rica made reference to several initiatives undertaken to improve the prison conditions, including in the areas of health services and human rights training provided to penitentiary, administrative and security officials. Persons deprived of their liberty have access to free legal assistance and to institutions, such as the Defensoría de los Habitantes and the Judges of Penal Execution. Women deprived of their liberty are supported by interdisciplinary teams from the Department of Social Work and from the Judicial system. 78. With regard to the prevention of torture, Costa Rica noted that it had played a key role in the adoption of the Optional Protocol to CAT and that the Defensoría de los Habitantes has been assigned since 2007 to be the preventive mechanism in this regard. A monitoring system to prevent torture and other cruel treatment has been established, allowing for prison visits. It further noted that there are no cases of torture reported by the Defensoría de los Habitantes, nor by Amnesty International or Human Rights Watch. 79. On the issue of trafficking of persons Costa Rica reported on substantive legal reforms introduced to protect victims and to prosecute those involved. With the new law on migration a new focus is provided to have a better control, through the establishment of the crime of trafficking in persons and for the protection of victims. Costa Rica referred to efforts to address particular situations within the framework of the National Coalition against Trafficking in Persons and the National Development Plan 2006-2010. It noted that 12