A/HRC/34/27 20. The integrated and holistic nature of the Sustainable Development Goals and targets thus reflects the indivisible, mutually reinforcing nature of the rights of the child and all human rights. Poverty is multidimensional and often intergenerational, and when rights are denied in one area (such as access to services), they are frequently also denied or violated in other respects, including for example, in exposure to violence and abuse, trafficking or child labour. 21. A human rights-based implementation of the 2030 Agenda therefore requires a wide-ranging approach in which States ensure (a) the realization of economic, social and cultural rights, including access to quality services; (b) civil and political rights, including protection from all forms of violence; and (c) the implementation of key economic and environmental goals that reinforce progress in achieving more sustainable and equitable development for all children, regardless of where they live. Implementing the 2030 Agenda in accordance with its unequivocal cross-cutting commitments to the human rights principles of equality and non-discrimination will also be central to the fulfilment of the aim to ensure that no one is left behind. The following thematic analysis addresses a nonexhaustive set of goals and targets relevant for the realization of children’s rights and is intended to provide illustrative examples of how the application of a child rights-based approach is relevant for the implementation of all goals and targets. Ending violence, exploitation and abuse of children 22. In the past year up to 1 billion children have experienced physical, sexual or psychological violence. One in four children suffers physical abuse and nearly one in five girls is sexually abused at least once in their lives. 8 Violence is often a core dimension of inequality and protection against violence is both central to ensuring greater equality overall and as a foundation to support children’s access to services. For example, violence, exploitation and abuse affect children’s physical and mental health in both the short and long term, compromising their ability to achieve a good level of education. 23. Violence against children can be perpetrated in both the public and private spheres and takes many different forms including, inter alia, armed violence, trafficking, sexual abuse and exploitation, gender-based violence, bullying, female genital mutilation or cutting, child marriage, violent child discipline practices and other harmful practices. In certain circumstances children are more vulnerable to violence, including those in detention or living in institutions, children with disabilities, children living or working on the streets, those in situations of conflict or displacement and children who are internally displaced, refugees, or migrants, in particular those who are unaccompanied. 24. The fulfilment of all the targets of Sustainable Development Goal 16, addressing protection from violence and other fundamental freedoms, must be a priority for all countries in the implementation of the 2030 Agenda, alongside related targets under Goal 5 on gender equality. States should implement the 2030 Agenda commitments in these respects in accordance with general comment No. 13 (2011) of the Committee on the Rights of the Child on the right of the child to freedom from all forms of violence, as well as the related general comments.9 At national level there is a need for both preventive and 8 9 See Susan Hillis and others, “Global prevalence of past-year violence against children: a systematic review and minimum estimates”, Pediatrics, vol. 137, No. 3 (March 2016) and UNICEF, Hidden in Plain Sight: a Statistical Analysis of Violence against Children (New York, 2014). See, inter alia, Committee on the Rights of the Child, general comments No. 8 (2006) on the right of the child to protection from corporal punishment and other cruel or degrading forms of punishment and No. 10 (2007) on children’s rights in juvenile justice; and joint general recommendation No. 31 of the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women/general comment No. 18 of the Committee on the Rights of the Child (2014) on harmful practices. 7