A/HRC/28/72 informed that victims are often reluctant to report their cases for fear of jeopardizing the peace process or out of fear for their own security. Where they are reported, police show reluctance to pursue cases against the military for fear of reprisals. Furthermore, cases take years to pass through the legal system. 36. The Special Rapporteur welcomes ongoing efforts to implement the joint action plan to end the recruitment and use of child soldiers signed by the Government and the United Nations in June 2012. She commends the Government for important steps taken so far to support the implementation of the plan, including the identification and release of 553 children since the action plan was signed; improved access offered to the United Nations country task force on monitoring and reporting by the military to its sites; a nationwide awareness-raising campaign on the issue of child recruitment; and the adoption of a number of directives to clarify policies and practices for military recruitment. However, the Special Rapporteur received information of ongoing recruitment of children into security forces due to a quota-based recruitment system that reportedly continues within the military. She urges the Government to address that issue immediately, and to accelerate the identification, release and reintegration of all children currently serving in the national armed forces and border guard forces. 37. The Special Rapporteur encourages the Government to continue to seek technical assistance to put in place strengthened recruitment procedures, age verification mechanisms and independent monitoring and oversight of all armed forces (including border guard forces and other security forces) to prevent the unlawful recruitment of children. She stresses the importance of bringing to justice those responsible for child recruitment and use, including those with command responsibility and civilian brokers who assist in the unlawful recruitment of children. She urges the Government to ratify the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the involvement of children in armed conflict, in order to further consolidate progress. She recommends that child protection mechanisms should be fully incorporated in ceasefire and peace agreements and in the mechanisms aimed at monitoring their implementation. Rakhine State 38. In Rakhine State, the Special Rapporteur met with local authorities and community leaders, and visited camps in Myebon and Sittwe for persons who were displaced after the violence in June 2012. It is recognized that those camps include those that are solely for Rohingya Muslims and non-Muslims married to Muslims, as well as camps for those who are Buddhists. During a number of frank discussions with representatives of both communities, the Special Rapporteur was able to deepen her understanding of the root causes of the conflict, the history of Rakhine State and the fears and suffering of its people. The Special Rapporteur firmly believes that the chronic underdevelopment of Rakhine State, and the conditions of poverty in which some people live, must be urgently addressed. However, while she acknowledges that the Rakhine State government has initiated processes for further development, she saw no significant improvement in the situation of human rights from her previous visit in July 2014. In particular, discriminatory restrictions on freedom of movement for internally displaced Muslims remain in place, severely impacting access to health care, food, water and sanitation, as well as education and livelihoods. Furthermore, no independent and credible investigations have been conducted into allegations of serious human rights violations, including during and after the considerable violence in June and October 2012 and January 2014, involving allegations of documented in Myanmar since 2010, allegedly committed by State forces in both ceasefire and nonceasefire areas. Available from http://womenofburma.org/if-they-had-hope-they-would-speak/. 12

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