A/HRC/45/5 Minbya township. He died on his way to hospital. On 30 May 2020, a 73-year-old woman was shot dead by the Tatmadaw while collecting firewood in Paletwa township. 11. On several occasions, security forces stopped vehicles that were transporting wounded persons to hospitals, some of whom died while waiting at checkpoints. This includes, on 13 April 2020, an injured 15-year-old boy who died after he had been stopped, and was still waiting, at a military checkpoint. He had been travelling to seek urgent medical treatment after being injured in a shelling incident in Kyauk Seik village that killed two of his brothers. On 11 May, the General Administration Department in Maungdaw township ordered restrictions on the transportation of injured persons to hospitals. This order requires an individual or organization to obtain letters from a range of local officials and the military before a wounded person can be transported for treatment. 12. Between 19 March and 29 April 2020, three attacks targeting humanitarian actors occurred in Chin and Rakhine States. 5 In each incident, vehicles or vessels involved displayed official logos or flags. On 20 April, a World Health Organization vehicle came under attack in Minbya township while transporting COVID-19 samples from Rakhine to Yangon. Both the driver and the passenger, a Ministry of Health and Sports official, sustained gunshot injuries, as a result of which the driver subsequently died. On 29 April, the President of Myanmar ordered the establishment of a committee to investigate the incident. As yet, the committee has not announced its findings. 13. Since the beginning of 2020, Tatmadaw units have burned several villages and civilian homes in areas affected by fighting, in line with the military’s well-documented tactic of destroying civilian property and in violation of the principle of distinction. Tatmadaw soldiers used flammable liquids and torches to burn villages and houses. In several cases, soldiers set ablaze villages that had been abandoned by residents following clashes or the firing of heavy weaponry. In one incident on 26 May, the Tatmadaw set fire to over 60 houses in Mee Let Wa village, Paletwa township, after residents abandoned the village due to clashes. There were no clashes in the area at the time the village was burned. 14. Allegations of human rights abuses committed by the Arakan Army have been received, including the laying of landmines in civilian areas and the looting of civilian property and livestock, as well as the demolition of 53 Rohingya homes in Sin Khone Taing, Rathedaung township. Dozens of Rohingya fled the village after two local Rohingya officials were abducted and allegedly killed by the Arakan Army in May 2019. Those who fled remain internally displaced. 15. According to official statistics,6 as at 7 July 2020, 81,637 people were displaced by the conflict, with local humanitarian actors putting the figure as high as 190,708. Internally displaced persons are presently sheltering in makeshift temporary displacement sites, schools, churches and monasteries. A majority lack access to adequate food and clean water, and are facing security threats from fighting, including landmines, as well as restrictions on freedom of movement and lack of access to livelihoods and basic services. Living in unhygienic and overcrowded camps, they are also at risk of disease, including of coronavirus disease (COVID-19). 16. Humanitarian access to people in need, particularly internally displaced persons, has declined greatly, exacerbating the humanitarian crisis. An estimated 750,000 people are currently in need of humanitarian assistance in Rakhine alone. For many, the loss of sources of income and food has made humanitarian support the sole means of survival. Humanitarian organizations have been refused access to affected areas since the introduction of new travel and access regulations at the end of 2019. Access to rural areas has been severely reduced since March 2020 due to township-level restrictions imposed by the authorities in Rakhine and Chin. In June 2020, an additional layer of security clearance 5 6 4 On 19 March 2020, a Relief International boat was shot at in the Taw Kan area of Rakhine, causing damage to it. On 29 April 2020, a World Food Programme five-truck convoy came under attack in Chin State, while transporting food aid to Paletwa. One contractor was wounded. See https://reliefweb.int/map/myanmar/myanmar-myanmar-armed-forces-arakan-army-conflictgenerated-displacement-rakhine-and-0.