A/HRC/32/35 would overcome such shortfalls, with mid- to long-term planning, harmonization of funding cycles and early investment in resilience and self-sustaining activities, including protection, throughout the entire cycle of displacement to durable solutions. 56. Humanitarian and development donors or partners should adjust or supplement their funding cycles to ensure integrated approaches to protection, resilience, self-reliance, sustainable livelihoods and durable solutions. This means that development actors should become engaged more equally and effectively and from an early stage in displacement situations and advocate more clearly for the funds and access to do so. Indeed, it is through partnerships and engagement with the local and national systems that development and humanitarian partners may achieve longer-term development measures conducive to durable solutions. 57. The primary responsibility of national Governments to take action towards achieving durable solutions for internally displaced persons must be emphasized, and they must fulfil that responsibility through legal, policy and institutional frameworks and appropriate budgeting and development programme measures, including national development plans. Too often, there is an overreliance on international partners to initiate and maintain sustainable livelihood projects, for example, that should fall under the responsibility of line ministries. States are often slow to implement such programmes, and stronger steps must be taken to ensure that they meet their commitments according to international standards. B. Addressing neglected drivers of internal displacement globally 58. Despite the unprecedented global displacement figures, much internal displacement goes unacknowledged, unrecorded and is not responded to by Governments and the international community. Hundreds of thousands of those who are entitled to protection and assistance as internally displaced persons under international standards are left to fend for themselves. A protection gap exists for many internally displaced persons globally who are the victims of causes of displacement that include generalized and criminal violence, discrimination and other human rights violations, development projects and business activities, or other neglected factors. These factors result in internally displaced persons who are uniquely vulnerable, outside of camps or other support and assistance settings, hosted by local communities and families, and frequently “invisible” and impoverished in urban settings. Failure by Governments to identify them as internally displaced persons leaves many unable to access assistance and support. Denial or neglect of the problem of internal displacement often means that, at the national level, no protection or support mechanisms exist. 1. Internal displacement due to generalized and criminal violence 59. In some situations of generalized violence, persecution or human rights violations, for example, the internal displacement of individuals, families or targeted communities may be slower, small-scale, dispersed and less obvious than in some conflict situations. There are those who flee their homes but do not identify themselves as internally displaced persons owing to a lack of understanding about their rights or out of fear or a desire to remain anonymous. Equally, State authorities can fail to identify those persons as internally displaced owing to a lack of understanding or neglect of their pertinent obligations to assist and protect those displaced by generalized violence. The challenge exists to ensure that those who are unlawfully forced or coerced to leave their homes are identified as internally displaced persons and receive necessary assistance and protection. 60. A broad and inclusive approach to determining who is an internally displaced person is required under the Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement and the Kampala 14