A/HRC/32/35 94. The role of development and business activities as a cause and driver of displacement must be given greater scrutiny. National Governments must ensure that they conform with all relevant international standards when conducting or licencing development or business activities that will result in the displacement of communities. Where development-induced displacement takes place, compensation, appropriate resettlement and rehabilitation measures undertaken in consultation with affected persons must be implemented and continued until durable solutions are achieved. 95. As many countries debate cross-border movements of “migrants” and asylum seekers, attention must refocus on the protection of internally displaced persons in their countries of origin and measures to support the integration of early recovery, livelihoods and resilience-building. Traditional emergency humanitarian assistance models provide little incentive to such persons or confidence for the future required for them to remain in their countries of origin. While humanitarian assistance is vital and lifesaving, simultaneous development activities are also necessary to sustain livelihoods by building programmes and durable solutions. 96. Renewed attention should be given to addressing the relief-to-development gap at the earliest phase of crisis response or development project planning, recognizing that crucial actions to build resilience and offer much needed security, incomes, hope and dignity can be achieved in the short term, enabling internally displaced persons to stay in their country. This will require new levels of collaboration, partnership and funding, underpinned by the genuine political will and resolve necessary to achieve real change for such persons. 97. A global shift towards the prevention of forced displacement and identifying and addressing the root causes of displacement at the earliest stage is required. In the area of conflict, there must be a strong reaffirmation by parties to the conflict to respect international humanitarian law. More must be done to identify communities at risk of violence and displacement and to put in place necessary prevention and protection measures at the earliest opportunity. 98. Disaster risk reduction and action to address climate change and its adverse effects in terms of internal displacement and other human rights issues must remain high on the international agenda. The Paris Agreement, reached after the twenty-first Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, is an essential step in the right direction that explicitly recognizes the need for individual and collective State action. That agreement must be implemented in practice by all parties. 99. National authorities should collect and share data on all causes of displacement in their country, including generalized and criminal violence and hate-based crimes, development and business activities. Equality and anti-discrimination laws and legal protection of minorities, indigenous peoples and other potentially vulnerable groups should be in place and include provisions relating to the prohibition of unlawful displacement. 100. An absence of legal protection and practical policy and programme responses is evident in many States experiencing internal displacement, whether owing to conflict, disasters, development or other causes. They should enact national laws in line with the Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement and other international standards, and institutional and policy frameworks to respond to internal displacement situations. 101. The Kampala Convention is vital in a region of massive and ongoing displacement crises; however, its implementation and operationalization must be galvanized in practice. Other regional organizations should take steps to establish 22