A/HRC/42/44 Business and Human Rights.110 But there is more to be done to connect discussions in the anti-slavery field to work going on in both the business and human rights and broader sustainable development fields, including questions around development financing, trade and market access.111 Role of survivors 47. Additionally, there is a growing recognition that many of today’s anti-slavery efforts do not give survivors a sufficient role and agency in public policy development and decision-making processes. Survivors may be better placed to articulate what is required to enable their recovery and what can be done to prevent others from experiencing similar exploitation.112 Role of technology 48. While technology has a role to play in accelerating anti-slavery efforts, there is a need for caution and precautions to ensure that technology respects and promotes rights. Work is needed in this space to develop common definitions and codes for key terms, as well as data standards and norms, so that data can be shared, partners trust the quality of the data, and everyone is assured that there are adequate safeguards to protect victims’ and workers’ rights and interests. 113 And significant work is also needed to ensure that technology is developed and deployed in the global South, and not only in developed countries.114 Otherwise, existing inequalities and gaps may be exacerbated. IV. Anti-slavery agenda of tomorrow 49. Based on what is known about slavery today, on the likely changes it may face in the years ahead and on the state of existing response, what can be said about how current efforts may need to develop in order to tackle slavery tomorrow effectively? Drawing on the above analysis, the Special Rapporteur suggests the following approach. 50. First, anti-slavery efforts will need to become more systematic, in the sense of requiring action at every level and by all actors. This will require systems thinking. Contemporary forms of slavery are complex products of the way our global political, social and economic systems work; to end slavery, the way those systems work must be changed.115 As causal processes are often multiple and non-linear, responses must be based on an understanding of the complex systems in play. 116 Computational analysis may be useful to this end, for example in optimizing resource allocation to ensure maximum social impact, 117 or to understand the interplay of online and offline components of organized criminal networks involved in slavery. 118 Anti-slavery efforts will also need to use all available channels for identifying and reducing contemporary forms of slavery, including existing social and public health infrastructure.119 51. Some sources suggest that there remains a disconnect between the top-down nature of emerging international anti-slavery efforts and the bottom-up, local approaches needed 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 Government of Australia Department of Home Affairs, “Modern Slavery Act 2018: draft guidance for reporting entities”, 2019, p. 9. Rights Lab submission. Ibid. See the following contributions to the Code 8.7 Symposium: Z. Trodd, “Using ICT to find hidden populations”; P. Jones and C. Setter, “Finding hidden populations: orphanage trafficking”; N. Bliss, “Towards a pipeline: technology, techniques and training”; and S. Powell, “A survivor perspective”. Tech Against Trafficking submission, p. 5. Compare Monash Trafficking and Slavery Research Group submission, p. 3. Rights Lab submission, p. 4; and Kayse Lee Maass submission, Q6. K.L. Maass, A. Trapp and R. Konrad, “Optimizing placement of residential shelters for human trafficking survivors”, Socio-Economic Planning Sciences (under review). Kayse Lee Maass submission, Q6. HEAL Trafficking and Ethical Trading Initiative submissions. 15