A/HRC/14/41 Contents Page I. Introduction............................................................................................................. 1–6 3 II. General human rights situation ............................................................................... 7–26 3 A. International legal framework ........................................................................ 13 4 B. National framework, institutions and reforms ................................................ 14–18 4 C. Elections ......................................................................................................... 19–24 5 D. Human rights forums ...................................................................................... 25–26 6 III. Northern Sudan ....................................................................................................... 27–29 7 IV. Southern Sudan ....................................................................................................... 30–43 8 A. Inter-communal violence................................................................................ 31–34 8 B. Abuses by the Sudan People’s Liberation Army ............................................ 35 9 C. Attacks by the Lord’s Resistance Army ......................................................... 36 9 D. Southern Sudan Human Rights Commission.................................................. 37 9 E. Administration of justice ................................................................................ 38–39 10 F. Legal aid ......................................................................................................... 40 10 G. Prisons and the treatment of prisoners............................................................ 41 10 H. Children associated with armed conflict......................................................... 42 11 I. Economic, social and cultural rights............................................................... 43 11 V. Transitional areas: Abyei ........................................................................................ 44–45 11 VI. Darfur...................................................................................................................... 46–73 12 A. Security and political developments ............................................................... 46–47 12 B. Peace process.................................................................................................. 48–49 12 C. Cross-border tension....................................................................................... 50 12 D. Returns of internally displaced persons.......................................................... 51 13 E. Violations of international humanitarian law ................................................. 52–58 13 F. Sexual and gender-based violence.................................................................. 59–63 15 G. Children associated with Darfur armed movements....................................... 64 16 H. Rule of law and administration of justice ....................................................... 65–66 16 I. Arbitrary arrest, detention and ill-treatment of civilians ................................ 67–70 17 J. Justice and accountability for Darfur crimes .................................................. 71–73 18 Conclusions and recommendations......................................................................... 74–87 18 A. Conclusions .................................................................................................... 74–80 18 B. Recommendations .......................................................................................... 81–87 19 VII. 2 Paragraphs GE.10-13648