A/HRC/18/26 73. The Committee remained concerned about the lack of temporary special measures in the form of compulsory targets and quotas to address the underrepresentation of indigenous women in decision-making positions in political and public life. In this regard, the Committee reiterated its recommendation that State parties should adopt temporary special measures in accordance with article 4, paragraph 1, of the Convention and the Committee’s general recommendation No. 25. (f) Committee on the Rights of the Child 74. A number of State parties were considered by the Committee on the Rights of the Child at its fifty-fourth session; some were also reviewed under the Optional Protocol of the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography and the Optional Protocol on the involvement of children in armed conflict. Concluding observations on indigenous peoples regarded, inter alia, taking all appropriate measures in the light of articles 3 and 4 of the Convention, to the maximum extent of available resources; ensuring sufficient budgetary allocations for services for children, with a particular focus on the protection of the rights of children belonging to disadvantaged provinces and groups, including indigenous children; the translation of the Convention and the optional protocols thereto into indigenous languages; and the implementation of a birth registration strategy for indigenous children. 75. At its fifty-fifth session, the Committee considered 11 State parties (10 under both optional protocols and one under the Optional Protocol on the involvement of children in armed conflict). Concluding observations on indigenous peoples regarded, inter alia, the State party taking measures under article 4 of the protocol to eliminate the root causes of recruitment of persons under the age of 18 years by armed groups distinct from the State, with special attention paid to preventing the recruitment of, inter alia, indigenous children, and to ensuring that these measures were developed in consultation with affected communities; addressing the situation of racism and discrimination against specific indigenous communities; and establishing culturally sensitive health care for indigenous women and children. The Committee also drew attention to its general comment no. 11 on indigenous children. 76. At the fifty-sixth session, the Committee considered nine State parties under both optional protocols. Concluding observations on indigenous peoples regarded, inter alia, upholding the identity of a particular indigenous community capable of vindicating traditional rights in accordance with international norms; improving the situation of children belonging to indigenous groups and recognition of treaty rights; and guaranteeing the right of indigenous children to enjoy their own culture. C. Universal periodic review 77. Issues concerning indigenous peoples were frequently raised in the context of the universal periodic review, including in reviews concerning Australia, Guyana, Kenya, the Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Nepal, Panama and Sweden. Recommendations concerned, inter alia, the ratification of ILO Convention No. 169; the implementation of recommendations by the Special Rapporteur on the rights of indigenous peoples; harmonizing domestic legal frameworks with international human rights standards; the implementation of recommendations by the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights; and measures for effective political participation. 78. OHCHR Nepal supported the meaningful participation of indigenous peoples’ organizations in the universal periodic review. During preparation for the review, OHCHR Nepal organized awareness-raising initiatives on advocacy opportunities that the review provides. It also facilitated discussion and advocacy on indigenous peoples’ issues 16