A/HRC/24/32 the prison system to accommodate and manage the female prison population in accordance with the standards required. An additional issue was the lack of guidelines and systems to deal with children detained with their mother (sometimes their father), in particular once they had reached the maximum age beyond which the Law on Prisons of 2011 barred them from remaining in prison with their parent. 43. OHCHR continued to provide technical and material assistance to prisons and provincial authorities to improve prison facilities in accordance with monitoring recommendations and the Prakas (ministerial proclamation) on Minimum Standards for Prison Construction (a sub-legislation required under the Law on Prisons of 2011 and still to be adopted). An important undertaking during the period under review was the installation of windows in the pretrial building of Correctional Centre No. 1 (the country’s largest prison), which led to a significant improvement in the ventilation and heat levels in the cells and the possibility for prisoners to see outside. Following continued advocacy for secure rooms for prisoners at referral hospitals, and with the approval of the relevant authorities (prisons, provincial health departments and provincial prosecutors), one large hospital was equipped (Banteay Meanchey) and two others started (Kampong Chhnang and Koh Kong) with secure rooms. OHCHR also helped to improve the conditions in two substandard temporary prisons (Pailin and Oddar Meanchey, by the installation of windows and the improvement of sanitation blocks, respectively), while continuing to urge the authorities to put in place long-term solutions. 44. Other results achieved during the period under review include improvements in ventilation and sanitation, in Preah Sihanouk prison; the construction of internal fencing to improve access to the exterior and to facilitate farming activities, and the channelling of river water to improve the water supply, in Banteay Meanchey prison; and the upgrading of windows in Kratie prison. The relevant Department of Prisons office was associated throughout, as were the local prison authorities, to ensure ownership and capacity-building. V. Fundamental freedoms and civil society 45. The Fundamental Freedoms and Civil Society Programme is aimed at strengthening the capacity of individuals and organizations to exercise their fundamental freedoms of expression, opinion, association and assembly. The Programme works with the Government, civil society, United Nations agencies, embassies and development actors to develop and monitor the implementation of legislation and policies that directly pertain to the exercise of these freedoms. This work includes providing protection to human rights defenders, victims or possible victims by monitoring individual cases as they arise and advocating with the relevant provincial and national authorities in favour of the respect of their rights. It also focuses on capacity-building for the Government and civil society. During the period under review, the Office observed that trade unions and several communities had become increasingly active in advocating for the respect of labour rights by organizing strikes and demonstration marches. 46. In order to support the endeavours of civil society organizations in promoting the respect of their rights, training for human rights defenders continued to account for a significant proportion of OHCHR work during the period under review. In total, more than 529 human rights activists benefited from the capacity-building activities conducted by the Office related to the promotion of fundamental freedoms. The Office gave priority to raising awareness on rights to assemble peacefully and to express one’s views freely, given that it had noted that both representatives and authorities were misinformed about relevant domestic regulations, in particular the provisions of the Law on Peaceful Demonstrations. For example, OHCHR observed that, in many instances, civil society organizations and communities considered that they were obliged to notify authorities of planned gatherings 12