A/HRC/42/43/Add.1 when collecting, storing and analysing data to respect and enforce data protection and privacy. 2. Discrimination 79. The Independent Expert notes that stereotyping of and discrimination against older persons remain issues of concern. She recommends raising awareness among the general public about ageism and its detrimental effects, such as the reinforcing effect on violence against and maltreatment and abuse of older persons. She also stresses that patriarchal attitudes and stereotypes regarding the roles and responsibilities of women and men place women at a disadvantage. She recommends that national regulations be revised in order to bring them in line with the requirements of international human rights law in terms of age discrimination. 80. She calls upon the Government to continue the paradigm shift from a welfare approach, which associates old age with illness, isolation, loneliness, passivity and a loss of autonomy, to a rights-based approach that recognizes the accumulated capacities and resources of older persons. She stresses the need to take further measures to counter stereotypes and discriminatory practices affecting older persons. 81. The Independent Expert recommends that the Government conduct a targeted awareness-raising campaign to correct the prevailing public perception of older persons as passive consumers of services offered by society, politically and socially inert and unfit to take part in decision-making. There is also a need to encourage and support older persons to take part in decision-making processes related to ageing and older age at all levels. 82. She recommends that Uruguay design, promote and implement effective affirmative action with a view to combating discrimination against older AfroUruguayans and reducing the poverty, social exclusion and marginalization that disproportionately affects them. She also urges the Government to continue its efforts to enhance living conditions for older Afro-Uruguayans, especially women, to ensure that they are protected against discrimination by government bodies, civil servants or any person, group or organization. She encourages Uruguay to ratify the ILO Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention, 1989 (No. 169). 3. Violence, maltreatment and abuse 83. While recognizing the efforts of Uruguay to create a legal and policy framework to adequately address domestic violence, including violence against and maltreatment and abuse of older persons, the Independent Expert calls upon the Government to ensure its effective application in practice. 84. The Independent Expert also calls upon the Government to ensure that cases of domestic violence are thoroughly investigated, that perpetrators are brought to justice and that victims are adequately protected and compensated. The training of judges, lawyers and prosecutors is essential to ensure that cases of domestic violence are investigated swiftly to signal to older persons and the community that violence against and maltreatment and abuse of older persons are serious crimes and will be treated as such. She also stresses the need to address the lack of awareness and sensitivity among the relevant authorities and the lack of information about the existing protection mechanisms. 85. Normative action needs to be complemented by concrete measures and mechanisms to detect, report and prevent all forms of abuse of older persons in institutional care and in family settings. Protocols and processes are needed to assist individuals, families, carers in institutional settings and community groups to understand the issues surrounding elder abuse, to recognize individuals who are at risk and to respond when appropriate. Caregivers in both domestic and institutional settings need to be made further aware and trained on how to prevent and detect elder abuse. 14