A/HRC/RES/43/5 2. Reminds States of their obligation to register all births without discrimination of any kind, and also reminds States that birth registration should take place immediately after birth, in the country where children are born, including the children of migrants, nonnationals, asylum seekers, refugees and stateless persons, in accordance with international human rights law and national law, and that late birth registration should be limited to those cases that would otherwise result in a lack of registration; 3. Reaffirms that the provision of legal identity for all, including birth registration by 2030, can contribute to prevent, inter alia, poverty, marginalization, exclusion, discrimination, violence, statelessness, illegal adoption, abduction, sale, exploitation and abuse, including when they take the form of child labour, human trafficking, child, early and forced marriage and other harmful practices, and child recruitment, and can also assist in the reunification of families separated by conflict, disaster or humanitarian crisis; 4. Welcomes the report of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights on best practices and specific measures to ensure access to birth registration, particularly for those children most at risk,1 in which the High Commissioner addressed the situation of children marginalized and living in situations of conflict, poverty, emergency or vulnerability, including girls, children belonging to minority groups, children with disabilities, indigenous children, and children of migrants, asylum seekers, refugees and stateless persons; 5. Calls upon States: (a) To identify and reform laws or policies that discriminate against women and children and compromise access to birth registration and the realization of their right to recognition everywhere as a person before the law; (b) To identify and remove physical, administrative, procedural, practical and any other barriers that discriminate or impede access to birth registration, in order to ensure that birth registration procedures are universal, accessible, simple, expeditious, effective and provided at minimal or no cost, to remove documentation requirements that are difficult or impossible to fulfil, and to pay due attention to, inter alia, those barriers relating to gender, indigeneity, culture, religion, poverty, social or economic status, disability, women’s equal nationality rights, age, adoption processes, nationality, statelessness, displacement, illiteracy, detention contexts, armed conflict and humanitarian situations, and to persons in vulnerable situations; (c) To establish or strengthen existing institutions at all levels responsible for birth registration, including through the development of comprehensive civil registration systems and the preservation and security of such records, to ensure adequate training for registration officers, to allocate sufficient and adequate human, technical and financial resources to fulfil their mandate, and to increase the accessibility of birth registration facilities within its territory and, in accordance with relevant international and national laws, abroad, either by increasing the number or through other means, such as mobile birth registration officials in rural areas, promoting community awareness and working to address the barriers faced by persons who may be in vulnerable situations, such as women and girls, persons with disabilities, indigenous children, children belonging to minorities, children of migrants, asylum seekers, refugees and stateless persons, in their access to birth registration; (d) To implement targeted programmes to reach children living in the most remote and excluded circumstances, including by integrating the provision of birth registration with the delivery of other essential services, particularly health services, and utilizing mobile registration units, technology and other innovative solutions to advance decentralized registration procedures; (e) To take all appropriate measures to permanently store and protect civil registration records and to prevent the loss or destruction of records due to, inter alia, emergency or armed conflict situations, including through the use of digital and new technologies as a means to facilitate and universalize access to birth registration, to prevent the loss of children’s personal data and to ensure continuity of birth registration during and 1 A/HRC/39/30. 3