A/HRC/28/69 Contents Paragraphs Page I. Introduction ............................................................................................................. 1–5 3 II. Victim protection .................................................................................................... 6 – 94 3 A. From unrest to war .......................................................................................... 6 – 46 3 B. Consequences of the failure of the State to protect civilians ......................... 47 – 86 8 C. Civilian protection measures ......................................................................... 87 – 94 13 Accountability ......................................................................................................... 95 – 108 14 A. Identification of alleged perpetrators .............................................................. 98 – 100 15 B. Categories of alleged perpetrator .................................................................... 101 15 C. The search for justice ...................................................................................... 102 – 105 15 D. Assistance to national prosecutions ................................................................ 106 – 107 16 E. Additional measures in the search for justice ................................................. 108 16 Shared responsibility ............................................................................................... 109 – 133 16 A. Failure to reach a political solution ................................................................. 109 – 115 16 B. Involvement of external actors ....................................................................... 116 – 127 18 C. Responsibility of the United Nations system .................................................. 128 – 133 19 Conclusions and recommendations ......................................................................... 134 – 148 20 A. Conclusions .................................................................................................... 134 – 141 20 B. Recommendations........................................................................................... 142 – 148 21 III. IV. V. Annexes 2 I. Correspondence with the Government of the Syrian Arab Republic ...................... 24 II. Violations documented between 15 July 2014 and 15 January 2015 ...................... 27 III. Map of the Syrian Arab Republic ............................................................................ 64