A/HRC/36/65 75. The Office of the Public Defender reported that school administrators and parents in Gali district had opposed this policy, to no avail. Various sources consider that shifting to Russian-language teaching has seriously reduced the quality of education in the regions of Abkhazia populated by ethnic Georgians (i.e. Gali district, and parts of Ochamchire and Tkvarcheli districts), since most children, teachers and parents lack sufficient knowledge in Russian. According to several sources, teachers and schoolchildren continue to unofficially use the Georgian language in schools but have been under increasing pressure to use Russian. Reportedly, there is a tendency for families to move their children to the territory controlled by the Government of Georgia in order to enable them to receive education in their native language. 76. Reportedly, Armenians and Russians in Abkhazia have been receiving education in their native languages, while children of Georgian ethnic origin have been facing further limitations every year on exercising the same right or are unable to do so. Such a policy would be discriminatory towards children of Georgian ethnic origin. 77. OHCHR has been informed that there have been no restrictions in Akhalgori district on education in Georgian. While Russian and Ossetian are considered as the only “official” languages in South Ossetia, Georgian is authorized in areas where the majority of people speak it. OHCHR has been informed that 6 out of 11 public schools in Akhalgori region in South Ossetia are Georgian and that the students are instructed in their native language, in accordance with the programme adopted by the Ministry of Education and Science of Georgia. 10. Personal documents 78. OHCHR has not been in a position to assess the impact of various regulations, regimes and practices issued by the authorities in control regarding possession of personal documents in Abkhazia and South Ossetia, beyond aspects presented in the latest report of the Secretary-General to the General Assembly on the status of internally displaced persons and refugees from Abkhazia, Georgia, and the Tskhinvali region/South Ossetia, Georgia (A/71/899). These include the so-called “Law on the Legal Status of Foreigners in Abkhazia”, the so-called “Law on Procedures of Exit from the Republic of Abkhazia and the Entry into the Republic of Abkhazia”, “No. 9” documents (temporary identification documents) and new crossing documents (propuski), as well as “passports” issued by the authorities in control in South Ossetia. Documents issued by the authorities in control in Abkhazia and South Ossetia have been considered null and void by the Government of Georgia. 79. Constraints and ambiguities surrounding the issue of personal documents affect the ability of ethnic Georgians primarily, including returnees, to enjoy their human rights, and further exacerbate their vulnerability. The lack of necessary documents hampers the enjoyment of a number of human rights, including property rights, and freedom of movement, and creates difficulties for the affected population to register births or regulate their civil status. Any type of documentation, even basic or temporary, needs to facilitate access to social, economic, cultural, civil and political rights. 11. Property issues 80. Under article 17 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, everyone has the right to own property, alone as well as in association with others, and no one is to be arbitrarily deprived of such property. 81. UNHCR has been advocating with the authorities in control in Abkhazia and South Ossetia to uphold the rights of ethnic Georgian returnees, notably in relation to documentation and freedom of movement. 82. The restitution of housing, land and property left behind by internally displaced persons or the provision of appropriate compensation in lieu of restitution remains a serious challenge that needs to be addressed. The Special Rapporteur on the human rights of 14

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