A/HRC/22/24 33. With regard to the right to health, the Committee has indicated that States parties should pay particular attention in improving access to health care for women of African descent and indigenous women.7 In relation to labour issues, while considering the seventeenth and eighteenth periodic reports of the Netherlands, the Committee expressed concern at the high rates of unemployment in ethnic minority groups, particularly women, and recommended the State party to take effective measures to eliminate discrimination in access to employment (CERD/C/NLD/CO/17-18, para. 12).. IV. Activities of special procedures on women’s economic, social and cultural rights A. Special Rapporteur on the human right to safe drinking water and sanitation 34. The Special Rapporteur on the human right to safe drinking water and sanitation has explained in her recent report (A/HRC/21/42) on stigma and the realization of the human rights to water and sanitation, how the intersection of different attributes can compound the discrimination faced by certain groups or persons, such as being a woman and a sex worker, a woman infected with HIV/AIDS or a woman belonging to a certain marginalized group, such as the Dalits. The stigma these groups of women face greatly affects their access to water supply and sanitation. Menstruating women suffer stigma and menstruation remains taboo in many countries. Women often lack appropriate facilities and the necessary privacy to change or wash during menstruation, and cultural perceptions that menstruating women are “contaminated” or “impure” lead to reduced mobility or even seclusion, as well as dietary restrictions and restricted access to water resources and food. The taboos and deeply rooted practices also have a negative impact on girls’ right to education, since girls can be absent from school during menstruation, either because there are no appropriate facilities at school or because they are isolated by their family owing to prejudice. 35. To combat silence and stigma, the Special Rapporteur recommends that States make sure that there is sufficient access to information on menstruation and hygiene, including comprehensive sexual education in schools on menstruation, targeting both girls and boys. The provision of adequate hygiene facilities must also be ensured. She recommends promoting better awareness amongst women and men to overcome the embarrassment, cultural practices and taboos around menstruation that impact negatively on women’s and girls’ lives, and reinforce gender inequities and exclusion. 36. In her report to the General Assembly on how to integrate non-discrimination and equality into the post-2015 development agenda for water, sanitation and hygiene (A/67/270), she emphasized the importance of monitoring the specific situation of women. She called upon States and all actors involved into the post-2015 development agenda to integrate non-discrimination and equality and to also adopt a stand-alone goal on equality as well as a specific goal, target and indicators on water, sanitation and hygiene. Cases highlighted by the Special Rapporteur include:8 7 8 10 Concluding observations of the Committee on the tenth to fourteenth periodic reports of Colombia, CERD/C/COL/CO/14, and on the twelfth and thirteenth periodic reports of Guatemala, CERD/C/GTM/CO/12-13. Catarina de Albuquerque, Special Rapporteur on the human right to safe drinking water and sanitation, with Virginia Roaf, On the Right Track: Good practices in realising the rights to water and sanitation (Lisbon, 2012). See also the report of the Special Rapporteur on good practices, A/HRC/18/33/Add.1.

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