A/HRC/6/19 page 13 30. Although the Government reported that several laws protected children, there were no reports on the rigorous and systematic investigation and prosecution of violations against children to address the prevailing sense of impunity for such violations (recommendation 1.3.2). However, the group was informed by the Government that gender and child units within the police had been set up in West Darfur in May and in North Darfur in August. According to the information received, the Government has not yet set up such a unit in South Darfur. The group did not receive information on any impact of this measure on the ground. 4. Protection against summary executions, arbitrary detentions, disappearances and torture 31. The group recommended that the Government should issue and enforce clear instructions to law-enforcement agencies, the armed forces and any militias under the Government’s control that summary executions, arbitrary detention, enforced or involuntary disappearances and torture were illegal and would not be tolerated; that they could amount to war crimes and crimes against humanity; and that suspects would be investigated and brought to justice and that any immunities would be waived (recommendation 1.4.1 and 1.4.3). In this regard, the group notes that steps to implement the recommendation have been taken, such as the issuance of order No. 58/2007 requiring that civilians taken into police custody should not be subject to any kind of assault, and that prison authorities should treat inmates in a manner that ensured their rights. Similarly, the Director-General of the National Intelligence and Security Services (NISS) issued instructions on 12 August 2007 prohibiting unlawful arrest; prohibiting detention in places other than designated detention facilities; prohibiting any physical assault or psychological abuse of prisoners; and safeguarding the dignity of individuals during arrest. There was no indication in those orders that such crimes were considered war crimes or crimes against humanity and there was no reference to international standards in those orders. Furthermore, neither of the two orders applies to the armed forces or any militias under the Government’s control. 32. The Government informed the group of experts that, in 2007, six training courses for a total of 120 officers had been held, consisting of 14 lectures on the legal principles behind human rights and international humanitarian law, with emphasis on guarantees in the event of arrest and the rights of detainees. 33. Reports by the United Nations brought to the attention of the expert group indicate that, in each of the Darfur states, civilians had been arbitrarily arrested, subjected to torture and ill-treatment, denied access to legal counsel, held without being informed of the reasons for their arrest, and detained for extended periods of time without appearing before a judicial authority. Targeted individuals have included community activists who work in the field of human rights; Sudanese people who work for international organizations or who have been perceived as cooperating too much with the international community; individuals from the predominant ethnicities of various rebel groups; and Sudanese people who have been perceived to hold opposition political views. Arrests by Government security forces were also made in the aftermath of clashes between warring parties (see annex I for a summary of cases under recommendation 1.4.1). The reports by the United Nations indicate that, during the period under review, there were, inter alia, five documented cases of torture and ill-treatment by military intelligence, NISS and police in eastern West Darfur. In South Darfur, there were 15 documented incidents of arbitrary detention, including incommunicado detention, or detention in unofficial places of detention. Documented incidents during the period under review in North Darfur