A/HRC/38/31 71. Around 16 April, FARDC retook the town after several violent clashes during which many Kamuina Nsapu child militiamen and civilians lost their lives. FARDC then destroyed and burned down villages in the vicinity of the town of Luebo where there were concentrations of militia, killing civilians in the process. Several mass graves were identified. The clashes in Luebo territory reportedly left at least 770 people dead, including 350 women and 420 men, and 208 people injured. (b) Kamonia territory: Tshikapa-Kananga road 72. Between January and June 2017, the Kamuina Nsapu militia remained particularly active on the Tshikapa-Kananga road. Around 24 March, 37 officers of the national police and 2 members of FARDC were killed and, in some cases, beheaded by the militia in the village of Malenga. A large amount of weapons and ammunition was also seized by the militia. 73. FARDC used excessive means to stop the Kamuina Nsapu militia, resulting in the death of many civilians, particularly in and around Mbawu and in the villages of KabeyaLumbu and Kamuesha. (c) Tshikapa town 74. Between February and June 2017, acts of violence took place in the town of Tshikapa, where inhabitants live in neighbourhoods divided along ethnic lines. 75. In March, the Kamuina Nsapu militia beheaded several officers of the Congolese National Police, including a commander. The level of violence used by the militia against civilians subsequently increased and beheadings, mutilation and rape, which often took the form of gang rape and was so violent that some women died as a result of their ordeal, were committed in the town of Tshikapa and in the surrounding villages. 76. Several clashes between FARDC and the Kamuina Nsapu militia took place in Tshikapa in March and April in the vicinity of the general hospital and in the communes of Kele and Kanzala. FARDC made no distinction between militia members and inhabitants as it wounded and killed Luba-speaking civilians. In addition, soldiers broke into inhabitants’ homes at night and committed serious abuses against them. They beheaded men, raped numerous women and girls, abducted young girls and even disembowelled a pregnant woman. 77. From April onwards, some of the Chokwe and Pende civilians in the town, for whom the Luba ethnic group was identified with the Kamuina Nsapu militia, carried out night-time reprisals against homes in predominantly Luba-speaking neighbourhoods, committing murder and burning down houses. (d) Southern part of Kamonia territory 78. The Kamuina Nsapu militia entered the southern part of Kamonia territory, thus advancing into predominantly Chokwe areas. It became very active there from March 2017, particularly on the Mutena-Kamako road and along the border with Angola. 79. Between March and May, the Kamuina Nsapu militia was active in the town of Kamako. On 6 March, it made its first incursion and attacked the headquarters of the Congolese National Police, killing two or three officers. In response, the Congolese National Police arrested and unlawfully detained civilians, subjected them to inhuman treatment and summarily executed at least three of them. On 13 April, a large number of Kamuina Nsapu militia members took control of the town and recruited many children, both girls and boys. They beheaded at least 40 people in the tshiota, including a police colonel, State officials and persons accused of theft or witchcraft. 80. On 1 May, FARDC entered Kamako and regained control after violent clashes that left at least 50 people dead, including many unarmed children. FARDC took some bodies away in two trucks, while others were buried by residents and the Red Cross of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. GE.18-10936 13