Mindful that cultural heritage is an important component of the cultural identity of communities, groups and individuals, and of social cohesion, so that its intentional destruction may have adverse consequences on human dignity and human rights, Affirming that intentional destruction of cultural heritage may violate the principles of international law, Reaffirming the importance of the protection of cultural heritage and the commitment to fight against its intentional destruction in any form so that such cultural heritage may be transmitted to the succeeding generations, Recognizing the valuable contributions of all religions to modern civilization and the contribution that dialogue among civilizations can make to an improved awareness and understanding of the common values shared by all humankind, 1. Recognizes that the promotion and protection of cultural rights and the respect for different cultural identities are vital elements to advance freedom and progress everywhere, as well as to encourage tolerance, respect, dialogue and cooperation among different cultures, civilizations and peoples; 2. Reiterates that each culture has a dignity and value which must be respected and preserved, and that respect for the diversity of belief, culture and language promotes a culture of peace and dialogue among all civilizations; 3. Recognizes that intentional destruction of cultural heritage may constitute advocacy and incitement to national, racial or religious hatred and thereby violates fundamental principles of international human rights law, inter alia, the provisions as stipulated in article 20 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights; 4. Expresses grave concern about continuing acts of intentional destruction of cultural heritage that take place in various parts of the world; 5. Underlines that States bear responsibility for intentional destruction or failure to take appropriate measures to prohibit, prevent, stop and punish any such