A/HRC/28/3 exchange good practices and lessons learned. The Office also developed a practical guide for civil society actors entitled “Civil society space and the United Nations human rights system”.27 83. All field presences work closely with, and build the capacity of, various civil society actors. The Regional Office for South-East Asia monitored cases of reprisals against human rights defenders and facilitated networking of civil society actors for human rights protection. In Burundi, the Human Rights and Justice Section of the United Nations Office in Burundi supported the establishment of a national human rights observers’ network to monitor and report on the human rights situation in the country. In Uganda, OHCHR conducted joint visits with civil society actors to verify allegations of threats against human rights defenders, and held consultations with civil society actors about strategies to advocate effectively for human rights. F. Early warning and protection of human rights in situations of conflict, violence and insecurity 1. Protection of human rights during violence and conflict 84. The past year saw increased levels of demand for OHCHR engagement in emergency responses, to support commissions of inquiry or to conduct investigations. OHCHR continued to support or established five commissions of inquiry mandated by the Human Rights Council or the Security Council, and initiated investigations on human rights violations in Sri Lanka and Iraq pursuant to Human Rights Council resolutions. Furthermore, in March 2014, OHCHR deployed a human rights monitoring mission to Ukraine, which as at November had issued eight public reports. 85. OHCHR gave regular input for briefings of the Security Council expert group on the protection of civilians in armed conflict, and also provided expertise to the United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in the Central African Republic (MINUSCA), the United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali, the United Nations Mission in South Sudan, the African Union-United Nations Hybrid Operation in Darfur (UNAMID) and the United Nations Mission in Liberia in the development or revision of their strategies and operations for the protection of civilians. 2. Early warning and preventive action 86. The Office has become increasingly engaged in the implementation of the Human Rights Up Front plan of action, which seeks to ensure that the United Nations is aware of potential or emerging human rights crisis situations at the earliest stage, promptly deploys the required resources on the ground to respond and takes preventive action. OHCHR continued to build deployable human rights capacity to meet these needs by expanding its internal and external rapid response roster capacity. 87. In terms of early warning, OHCHR pays special attention to violations of economic, social and cultural rights. Gross and systematic violations can lead to inequality, compound the impact of natural disasters and contribute to triggering social protest, unrest and conflict. OHCHR will therefore continue its work on violations of economic, social and cultural rights during and after crises, in particular with regard to the protection of the rights to health and to education in situations of conflict. 27 16 Available from www.ohchr.org/Documents/AboutUs/CivilSociety/CS_space_UNHRSystem_Guide.p df.