A/HRC/15/48 95. The professionalism displayed by EUTM in ensuring training for all new Somali recruits, including in the field of human rights and humanitarian law, is most commendable. It is of utmost importance to ensure that, after the end of training and before deployment, the new soldiers are assured of a stipend for at least 12 months. It is important to remember that because of lack of proper remuneration, some members of SSF have in the past joined the ranks of the militants. A harmonized arrangement should be made to ensure that stipends/salaries are also guaranteed for all members of the police, correction services and the judiciary. It is unrealistic to expect public employees to serve without a salary, which appears to have long been the case in Somalia. 96. Somali human rights defenders work in most precarious security conditions. The international community should enhance its financial, logistical and political help them to enhance their security and protection and reinforce their capacity to carry out regular human rights monitoring and reporting. 97. All States and intergovernmental organizations providing assistance to TFG should support measures to end impunity in Somalia, including the establishment of an independent and impartial commission of inquiry or similar mechanism, to investigate and map crimes under international law committed in the country throughout the many years of conflict and recommend measures to ensure accountability. 98. To address its concerns about piracy in and around Somali waters, it is important for the international community to remember that piracy can only be effectively ended by setting up a functioning government in Somalia. The millions of dollars being spent on patrolling the waters around Somalia against piracy should be balanced by making funds available to build a viable Somali government. A multidimensional strategy that addresses the interlocking issues of piracy, illegal fishing and dumping of toxic waste in Somali waters should be considered. 99. The development of a team of capable civil servants in Somalia, who would be able to put public services back on their feet again, is of utmost importance. However, since education has been a main casualty of the long–running war, there would be a need for some quick fixes. For this, setting up residential schools/colleges in safer places in Somalia, such as in Puntland and Somaliland should be considered. Here, among others, students from the south–central region could be enrolled in significant numbers. Such an opportunity would provide an alternative to the youths to avoid joining the militants for survival. Another alternative would be to offer scholarships to Somali students/citizens for training abroad. 100. The international community should consider supporting projects aimed at bringing Somali professional groups, such as teachers and medical doctors, to Puntland and/or Somaliland for short–term refresher courses. The idea would be not only to enhance their capacity to deal with the type of emergency situations that they are faced with constantly, but equally importantly to give them an opportunity to relax and breathe freely, far–removed daily tensions. The Somali diaspora could be involved in these activities which would also help build people to people bridges in Somalia. 101. Governments hosting Somali refugees and asylum–seekers on their territories should not send back at least those among them who originate from south–central Somalia. In particular, Somali human rights defenders, journalists and other civil society actors are a category at particular risk. States should find creative ways to provide durable solutions for Somali civil society activists, including easily accessible asylum procedures, resettlement and funding to continue their work. 20