A/HRC/45/31 in other parts of the Syrian Arab Republic. Moreover, schooling, and a medical facility located in Jordan, closed on 29 March, as preventative measures against COVID-19. 34. The Commission has previously noted with concern38 that it has received reports that over 100 individuals evacuated from Rukban camp were detained. In the period under review, the Commission received first-hand accounts that men had been systematically deprived of their liberty. In one example, an interviewee noted that he had arrived at a school in Homs and spent one night with his family, who were then permitted to leave. Among the remaining men, a large number had been arrested and allegedly taken to Military Security in Dar’a or to Adra Prison in Damascus. Those detained included men in their seventies, a man with disabilities, numerous municipality workers and medical professionals. Following multiple interrogations, the interviewee had been released after 47 days, after having signed three documents that he was not permitted to read. Findings 35. In light of new as well as ongoing reported cases of enforced disappearance, in the reporting period, as well as numerous cases of torture, sexual violence and death in custody by government forces across the Syrian Arab Republic, as detailed above, the Commission has reasonable grounds to believe that the Government of Syria, in pursuance of a continued State policy, has continued to perpetrate the crimes against humanity of enforced disappearance, murder, torture, sexual violence and imprisonment. 39 In certain cases, these acts may also constitute war crimes. 36. In addition, by imposing arbitrary restrictions on movements and unlawfully depriving individuals of their property rights in previously besieged areas, government forces may have again committed the war crime of collective punishment in areas of Rif Damascus.40 IV. Afrin and Ra’s al-Ayn regions 37. During the period under review, civilians residing in the Afrin and Ra’s al-Ayn regions of Aleppo and Hasakah Governorates witnessed an onslaught of violations perpetrated by members of the Syrian National Army as well as shelling and vehicle-borne improvised explosive devices. A. Conduct of hostilities 38. Between January and April, civilians residing in the Afrin region of Aleppo suffered a barrage of shelling and car bomb explosions, which killed and injured scores of inhabitants and damaged civilian infrastructure, including markets and homes. 41 39. On 20 January, at around 12.30 p.m., shelling, reportedly from Tall Rif’at, destroyed a house in Al-Barid neighbourhood, located near both a hospital and a school in the city of Afrin. The attack killed a pregnant woman and her toddler son inside their home. Though the deceased mother delivered her baby girl posthumously, the baby did not survive. Two boys from the same family, aged 4 and 12 years, were also injured in the attack. The Commission did not receive information suggesting that a military objective was located nearby. 40. Similarly, at around 1 p.m. on 18 March, at least five rockets, reportedly fired from nearby Tall Rif’at and surrounding areas,42 struck a residential area, impacting both a house 38 39 40 41 A/HRC/43/57, para. 87. See www.ohchr.org/Documents/HRBodies/HRCouncil/CoISyria/AWayForward_DetentionInSyria.pdf, para. 12. A/HRC/43/57, para. 80. See also Special Court for Sierra Leone, Prosecutor v. Fofana and Kondewa, case No. SCSL-04-14-A. See www.ohchr.org/EN/NewsEvents/Pages/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=25873&LangID=E; and previous reports by the Commission on similar incidents in Afrin, for example A/HRC/42/51, para. 58. 9