A/HRC/41/35/Add.1 information or amparo to bring judicial enforcement proceedings in those cases in which the agencies refuse or omit to provide information without adequate justification under the regime of exceptions; (d) Include whistle-blower protections in law and implement them in practice. Authorities should protect any person who discloses information that he or she reasonably believes, at the time of disclosure, to be true and to relate to situations that constitute a threat or harm to a specified public interest, such as a violation of national or international law, abuse of authority, waste, fraud, or harm to the environment, public health or public safety. Protection of freedom of expression online 81. The Special Rapporteurs call upon the relevant authorities to: (a) Order an investigation into the purchase and use of malware to monitor journalists and human rights defenders during the previous administration; (b) Include experts on digital attacks in the programme for the protection of journalists; (c) Call on private sector platforms to publicly disclose the decisions they make regarding the blocking of content in Ecuador and the deletion of accounts reported for the alleged abuse of terms and conditions or copyright infringements, in cases of users persecuted for political or journalistic reasons; (d) Limit the requests to Internet companies for the takedown of content to the narrow restrictions available under article 19 (3) of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights; (e) Ensure a future of non-discrimination for content and content-providers, for instance, by reforming the Organic Law on Telecommunications to ensure the independence of the agency for the regulation and oversight of telecommunications, clarifying its position as an independent agency and ensuring multi-stakeholder roles in appointing its directors; (f) Identify, prosecute and punish those found responsible for the attacks against vulnerable groups perpetrated on social networks; (g) Ensure the Government’s commitment to network neutrality, including by reconsidering and revising article 64 of the telecommunications law, which may interfere with neutrality by permitting variable tariff plans by Internet service providers. Access to the Internet 82. The Special Rapporteurs call upon the relevant authorities to: (a) Continue the ongoing efforts to expand Internet coverage, in particular to rural areas, so that all members of Ecuadorian society have access to the Internet and may fully exercise their rights; (b) Ensure that the costs of high-quality fixed and mobile broadband connections are affordable. Protecting civil society and human rights defenders 83. The Special Rapporteurs call upon the relevant authorities to: (a) Continue the transition process to strengthen an inclusive democracy that guarantees a space free of threats for civil society organizations and human rights defenders; (b) Ensure that the bill on non-profit organizations is in full compliance with international standards. 18

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