A/HRC/14/35 correctional institution. Juveniles aged 16 to 18 years are regularly sentenced to unpaid community work. A new law on mediation also forms a component of the restorative justice approach. Statistics from 2009 indicate that a high percentage of suspended sentences are being handed to juvenile offenders – double the number of custodial sentences. While specific rules govern the pretrial detention of children (including, for example, their separation from adult detainees), statistics indicate that pretrial detention of juveniles has been reduced by almost 60 per cent since 2007. While the Republic of Moldova does not have a separate court or prosecution service for juvenile cases, investigations and prosecutions of children are carried out exclusively by the prosecutor, with a specialist appointed in each regional prosecutor’s office for this task. 10. Paraguay referred to the work of the Directorate of Human Rights of the Supreme Court, which designs and promotes programmes and targeted interventions to provide judicial officers with technical assistance and training on human rights and in the administration of justice. Two programmes in particular were mentioned. The first is the Programa de Inserción Familiar, which focuses on comprehensive care for children removed from their family environment by a court order, providing for a multidisciplinary team (medical professionals, educators, psychologists, sociologists and social workers) to advise the judiciary authority making the order. The second is the Programa de Atención a Adolescentes Infractores, under which an assessment is made of the situation and condition of each adolescent in conflict with the law, proposals are made for appropriate measures for their social reintegration, and the juvenile’s progress is monitored. The programme is being rolled out throughout the country. Alternatives to detention for juveniles are available under the Criminal Code, which stipulates that custodial measures are to be used only if corrections measures are deemed insufficient. Strategies for the rehabilitation and reintegration of young offenders include compulsory schooling in the detention centre, with a focus on skills that enable personal development and maximize opportunities for postrelease employment. 11. Uruguay referred to the Code of Childhood and Adolescence and its insistence on respect for the Convention on the Rights of the Child, to which Uruguay is a party. Cases involving juveniles are heard by specialized magistrates, with appeals to the Family Court. Only crimes with a penalty exceeding one year may go to trial. The Code sets out various principles which guarantee rights to due process (including the presumption of innocence, the right to defence, freedom of communication with family, and a trial within a reasonable time) as well as minimum conditions of detention. It also addresses sanctions in juvenile cases, including the possibility of social and educational measures rather than custodial sentences (which are given only in respect of the most serious offences). Non-custodial sentences include warnings, reprimands, attendance at social or educational programmes, community service, probation, payment of damages and internment in medical facilities or in open detention centres. 12. Mexico referred to a decision of the Supreme Court that only in cases of serious antisocial behaviour can juveniles be deprived of their liberty. Following this decision a specialized regime was established in 2006 to allow for the reform within specialized institutions of juveniles charged with serious antisocial behaviour. This form of detention, which is not administrative but rather controlled by a judicial order, provides a comprehensive programme of social rehabilitation, including educational activities, sport and recreation. The Government notes that the civil society contribution in the rehabilitation of juvenile offenders has been invaluable. GE.10-13056 5