A/HRC/42/CRP.5 escalation of the conflict between the Tatmadaw and the AA in Rakhine State. They have impeded the implementation and effectiveness of these “quick impact projects”. 430 In March 2019, after almost three months during which activities were suspended, the Government issued a four-week authorisation to UNDP and UNHCR to start the implementation of the “quick impact projects” in Maungdaw and Buthidaung.431 199. Alongside these repatriation discussions, Myanmar has said it has undertaken repatriation-related development and infrastructural projects in Rakhine, in particular the establishment of reception and transit centres to receive returnees. It has also said it has identified possible pilot sites for returning refugees to live. 432 The Mission is not aware of any independent inspection carried out by humanitarian agencies to ascertain the suitability of the designated sites. 200. In June 2019, ASEAN’s Emergency Response and Action Team (ERAT) was permitted to visit Rakhine State. It produced a “preliminary needs assessment to assess the readiness of Reception and Transit Centres, including potential relocation sites that have been identified by the Government of Myanmar”. However, the report noted that whether or not conditions were in place for return was “beyond the scope” of the assessment. 433 Notwithstanding, the assessment noted that, based on current capacity, the repatriation process can only be completed in six years for a total number of 500,000 displaced persons. The media has reported that the Government has also received bilateral assistance from China and India, including prefabricated housing units for Rohingya returnees. 434 201. At the time of writing, Rohingya refugees were not voluntarily returning from Bangladesh to Rakhine State.435 The Mission found that the overwhelming majority of Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh have no confidence in the Myanmar Government’s ability to guarantee their voluntary, safe, dignified and sustainable return. Refugees in Bangladesh repeatedly expressed their desire and willingness to return to their homes only if certain conditions are met.436 Refugees know that conditions are not conducive for return owing to the precarious situation of the remaining Rohingya, including denial of citizenship, the lack of access to livelihood opportunities, fear of arbitrary arrest, movement restrictions, the Myanmar authorities’ failure to implement confidence-building measures inside Rakhine and conflict between the Tatmadaw and the AA. 437 They have also 430 431 432 433 434 435 436 437 64 approves community-based projects in Rakhine State, 16 December 2018, available from https://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/unhcr-undp-statement-government-approves-community-basedprojects-rakhine-state. FFFGEN-1-85661. FFFGEN-1-84225. Reuters, Exclusive: U.N. will not help Myanmar with long-term camps for Rohingya, 13 Novemeber 2018; Relief Web, MOFA explains Rakhine Repatriation, available from https://reliefweb.int/report/myanmar/mofa-explains-rakhine-repatriation, Myanmar Times, Repatriation to start with the first back of 2260, 15 November 2018; Xinhuanet, Myanmar, ASEAN reiterate to cooperate in repatriation of displaced persons, 28 May 2019. Preliminary Needs Assessment for Repatriation in Rakhine State, Myanmar, https://asean.org/aseansecgen-briefs-diplomatic-corps-preliminary-needs-assessment-repatriation-rakhine-state-myanmar. Xinhuanet, China donates prefabricated houses for displaced people in Myanmar's western state, available from http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2018-10/27/c_137562644.htm, Deccan Herald, India builds houses for Rohingyas in Myanmar, available from https://www.deccanherald.com/national/india-builds-houses-for-rohingyas-in-myanmar-746326.html. The Mission is aware that there may have been isolated cases of Rohingya who have decided to return. These are however rare and exceptional cases. FM-007, RM-015, TM-010, A/HRC/40/37, para 49. FM-003, Associated Press, UN aid chief: No progress so Rohingya can return to Myanmar, 30 April 2019, United Nations, Crisis in Rakhine State, Violence Could Derail Gains in Myanmar’s Peace Process, Special Envoy Warns Security Council, Calling for Unimpeded Humanitarian Access, available from https://www.un.org/press/en/2019/sc13727.doc.htmhttps://www.un.org/press/en/2019/sc13727.doc.ht m.