A/HRC/23/53 Contents Page I. Introduction ............................................................................................................ 1–3 3 II. Approach to the mandate ......................................................................................... 4–7 3 III. Methodology ........................................................................................................... 8–16 4 IV. Overall context ........................................................................................................ 17–41 5 A. Overview of historical, political and economic contexts ................................ 17–22 5 B. International and regional context .................................................................. 23–26 6 C. Cooperation with human rights mechanisms .................................................. 27–33 7 D. Brief comments on the rule of law.................................................................. 34–41 8 Human rights violations .......................................................................................... 42–94 9 V. VI. 2 Paragraphs A. Right to life, extrajudicial killings, the shoot-to-kill policy, and death in custody ....................................................................................... 43–44 9 B. Enforced disappearances and incommunicado detention ............................... 45–48 10 C. Arbitrary arrest and detention, torture and prison conditions ......................... 49–56 10 D. Guilt by association ........................................................................................ 57 12 E. Freedom of expression and opinion ................................................................ 58–60 12 F. Freedom of association and assembly............................................................. 61–63 12 G. Freedom of religious belief ............................................................................. 64–66 13 H. Freedom of movement .................................................................................... 67 13 I. Gender equality issues and women’s rights .................................................... 68–71 14 J. Rights of the child ........................................................................................... 72–73 14 K. Minority rights ................................................................................................ 74–82 15 L. Economic, social and cultural rights ............................................................... 83–90 16 M. Refugees and trafficking ................................................................................. 91–94 17 Conclusions and recommendations ......................................................................... 95–108 18 A. Conclusions .................................................................................................... 95–106 18 B. Recommendations........................................................................................... 107–108 19