A/HRC/19/30 E/CN.6/2012/13 training sessions have resulted in the establishment of essential “feedback loops” between magistrates, judges, forensic doctors and other law enforcement personnel. These loops have been critical in helping these officials to better evaluate the testimony of child witnesses, to understand the issue of corroboration in child sexual assault cases, to determine what evidence is required for the conviction of perpetrators, and to be more sensitive to the needs of victims. IV. Generating knowledge and developing capacities 22. The Fund recognizes that knowledge is most significant when it is shared with and directly reaches beneficiaries, expanding their opportunities to protect themselves from violence. The Fund is breaking the monopoly of knowledge by bridging feedback gaps and connecting technology to the individual needs of women and girls. For example, the Fund is supporting the efforts of Physicians for Human Rights to develop, pilot and introduce to forensic experts in five Central and East African countries mobile telephone applications that will enable health professionals in remote areas to photograph forensic evidence of sexual violence and securely transmit the images as text messages to hospitals, courts and police stations in urban centres. Such efforts are critical to ensuring successful rape prosecutions and ending impunity for these crimes. 23. Similarly, Women in Cities International is identifying and mapping the geography of public gender exclusion across four cities, in Latin America, Africa, Eastern Europe and South Asia. By applying the Geographic Information System (GIS), this Fund grantee is able to map both the use and the users of public spaces and to collect data on the state of women’s safety in the target cities. The project has already achieved impressive outcomes. For example, research sponsored by the Women in Cities International programme in the United Republic of Tanzania that determined that the lack of a police presence had a negative impact on women’s experiences concerning safety in the capital resulted in the mobilization of resources by the private sector for the construction of a new police station. Given that the project is being carried out in four cities on four continents, it provides an unprecedented opportunity for both cross-cultural learning and the expansion of the global body of knowledge about the factors that cause the denial of women’s rights in cities. 24. Grantees are increasingly creating systems and tools for the protection of women and sharing them with survivors and women at risk of violence. In Guatemala, the Population Council is implementing a first-of-its-kind gender-based violence prevention project to “safescape” rural indigenous communities, using community safety mapping methodology not only to provide a baseline and situation analysis, but also to track changes in girls’ perceptions of safety. The project has provided Global Positioning System devices to adolescent girls in the target sites to enable them to create maps of their communities (every household, building and route) documenting where they feel safe and where they feel at risk. The project also empowers these girls to share the maps with community leaders, making their concerns visible. 25. Fund grantees are filling the critical gap, in terms of both knowledge and rigorous evaluation, in addressing violence against women. For example, a new grantee in Kenya, Liverpool VCT, Care and Treatment, will develop national 11-63260 7