A/HRC/33/23 health-care units to become key partners, as they inform mothers about the importance of registration and help them in applying for identity cards. 36. The inter-agency initiative is a clear example of the integration of human rightsbased approaches in reducing newborn, infant and under-5 mortality and demonstrates the important role of the United Nations country team in that regard. 2. United Republic of Tanzania 37. On 29 and 30 June 2015, OHCHR, in conjunction with WHO, the Ministry of Health, the Commission for Human Rights and Good Governance and the United Nations country team in Dar es Salaam organized a consultation on the role of human rights mechanisms in improving newborn, infant and under-5 health. Participants were from the health and human rights fields, including United Nations agencies, the Government and civil society. There were representatives from medical hospitals, including Amana Hospital, the Bugando Medical Centre, the Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, the Mbeya Referral Hospital, the Mnazi Mmoja Hospital, the Muhimbili National Hospital and the Mwananyamala Hospital. 38. The United Republic of Tanzania has made substantial advances in improving child survival, but the reduction in newborn mortality has been much slower, as it still accounts for 40 per cent of deaths of Tanzanian children younger than 5 years. Much of the progress has been due to prenatal and postnatal care, vaccinations, nutritional supplements and overall improvement of health services. 39. The discussions during the consultation highlighted the importance of enhancing the quality of health services, particularly for newborn children, and ensuring access to medication for children affected by infections, including pneumonia, diarrhoea, measles, malaria and HIV/AIDS. Improving the nutrition of small children was also raised as a requirement to ensuring the implementation of the rights of the child to survival and development. Particular emphasis was paid to the health situation and the rights of children affected by albinism and refugee children. Other elements of the discussion referred to capacity and funding gaps in the health sector, the unavailability of essential medicines and the need to improve health governance. Integration of human rights principles into health service delivery, enhancement of partnerships and strengthened social accountability were recommended, as well as further investment in disadvantaged regions. 40. Following the meeting’s recommendation that human rights principles be integrated in the delivery of health services and quality of care, particularly for newborn children, OHCHR, in consultation with WHO, commissioned an assessment of the state of newborn health in a number of selected hospitals. At the time of preparation of the present report, the assessment was under way in Zanzibar. 41. The assessment comes at an important moment for Zanzibar, since in 2015 it received the Future Policy Award for its Children’s Act. That piece of legislation earned the award for its balanced coverage of child abuse and violence against children and for its promotion of children’s rights. It lays the foundation for the establishment of a comprehensive national child protection system to deal with cases of children in need of care and protection. In the Act, it is stipulated that the child has the right to medical care and immunization and should not be denied medical care for reasons of religion or other beliefs. It is stated that every child shall be registered upon birth and that health authorities shall cooperate to secure the registration of all births. Any person who performs professional or official duties with respect to a child, including a doctor, medical officer or traditional health practitioner, who has a reasonable belief that a child’s rights are being significantly infringed has the duty to report it. A chapter of the Act is devoted to consent to medical interventions and surgical operations, as well as HIV testing. GE.16-11320 9