A/HRC/4/26 page 25 only crucial in ensuring an effective independent supervision of the counter-terrorism practices employed by law-enforcement agencies but may also be helpful for the internal analysis of the efficiency of these practices. Factors such as ethnicity or religion may be included in these records but only subject to safeguards such as collecting this data from the persons concerned and separately from the original interference. 88. The Special Rapporteur urges States to establish systems of transparent and independent oversight of law-enforcement agencies to monitor and ensure compliance of counter-terrorism practices with human rights standards and operational guidelines. States must also provide effective means of holding law-enforcement agents accountable for any violations of human rights, including when committed in the context of countering terrorism. 89. The Special Rapporteur calls on States to develop and implement a system of training of law-enforcement officials that includes clear instructions as to what factors they may legitimately employ for terrorist profiles as well as a substantial training component on human rights and non-discrimination. Importantly, such training of law-enforcement agents should make clear that profiling based on stereotypical generalizations that certain ethnic or religious groups pose a greater terrorist risk than others is not only impermissible but also ineffective and even counterproductive. B. Suicide attacks 90. Suicide attacks as a specific form of terrorism pose significant challenges to counter-terrorism measures that are at the same time effective and compatible with human rights. State responses to the risk of suicide attacks demonstrate in a dramatic way the risks inherent in “profiling”. Combined with shoot-to-kill policies or other forms of relaxing the standards related to the use of firearms, “profiling” can have lethal consequences for totally innocent individuals. 91. The Special Rapporteur recommends scrupulous adherence to and systematic training in existing international standards on the use of firearms by law-enforcement officials. Further, also in the context of preventing suicide attacks, the Special Rapporteur reiterates his recommendation to apply either universal or random security checks, instead of measures based on profiling. 92. The Special Rapporteur stresses that the counter-terrorism measures need to be continuously and carefully evaluated in order to ensure that they do not breach human rights. Further, in the context of preventing suicide terrorism, special attention should be paid to the treatment of women and especially pregnant women and their security and integrity in counter-terrorism measures, as there is a risk that women and especially pregnant women may become targeted by a new wave of counter-terrorism measures. 93. States should develop adequate training for all law-enforcement personnel, including private security agencies, and in this way ensure that human rights guide counter-terrorism measures and not vice versa. Intelligence agencies need urgently to address the complex cultural and socio-economic issues around suicide attacks and terrorism in general.