A/HRC/7/6 page 24 86. Administrative data are critically important here. While the call for sex disaggregated statistics has been made, the role of administrative data in shedding light on State actions has been neglected, yet it should “provide policy-makers with the data needed for good governance under the principles of independence, integrity, impartiality, confidentiality”.31 A key challenge is to find effective and robust data from which to develop indicators. 87. Accuracy of administrative data is critical for tracking progress, and ministries of justice and equality are responsible for ensuring that effective data recording and retrieval systems paper and/or computerized - are in place. Harnessing the skills, resources and legitimacy of national statistical agencies/offices to ensure official bodies collect and analyse data is an underused potential. Many countries have begun to provide data on violence against women in the reporting processes under the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, but few have moved to detailed biannual reporting32 and/or beyond the overemphasis on intimate partner violence. 88. Criminal justice data are undoubtedly more accurate where there is a specific law against forms of violence against women, or at least where it is relatively simple to disaggregate data by sex. This is one of the advantages of creating, for example, specific offences of domestic violence, trafficking for sexual exploitation and forced marriage. It is also possible to “flag” cases in more generic categories, as happens in many countries with respect to intimate partner and domestic violence. There is a particular challenge where administrative definitions work from gender-neutral terms such as family violence. Who is being violent to whom and in what circumstances becomes disguised. States are in a weaker position with respect to assessing how gender is an underlying factor in patterns of not just victimization and offending, but also the processing and outcome of cases. 89. At the national level, administrative data should be collected on the following categories: • Reported cases, legal processing and outcomes for all forms of violence against women • Protection orders: the numbers and types issued for forms of violence against women, and the proportion that were breached • Capacity-building through training and new administrative systems • Extent, geographical distribution, use and unmet demand for support services: helplines, shelters, counselling services, advocacy and one-stop shop provisions 31 Me, A. (2006), “Challenges in measuring violence against women within the framework of official statistics across countries”. Paper at Royal Statistical Association. 32 For a model through violence against women observatories, see the European Women’s Lobby proposals available from the website www.womenlobby.org.