reparation and, in addition, where appropriate, to consider symbolic measures recognizing the suffering of victims and restoring their dignity and reputation; (d) To address the specific needs of the families of disappeared persons; 6. Reminds States that: (a) As proclaimed in article 2 of the Declaration on the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearances, no State shall practise, permit or tolerate enforced disappearances; (b) All acts of enforced or involuntary disappearance are crimes punishable by appropriate penalties, which should take due account of their extreme seriousness under criminal law; (c) They should ensure that their competent authorities proceed immediately to conduct impartial inquiries in all circumstances where there is reason to believe that an enforced disappearance has occurred in territory under their jurisdiction; (d) If there is reason to believe that an enforced disappearance has occurred in territory under their jurisdiction, all the perpetrators of that disappearance must be brought to justice; (e) Impunity is simultaneously one of the underlying causes of enforced disappearances and a major obstacle to the elucidation of such cases; (f) As proclaimed in article 11 of the Declaration, all persons deprived of liberty must be released in a manner permitting reliable verification that they have actually been released and, further, have been released in conditions in which their physical integrity and ability fully to exercise their rights are assured; 7. Expresses: (a) Its thanks to the many Governments that have cooperated with the Working Group and replied to its requests for information and to the Governments that have accepted visits of the Working Group to their countries, requesting them to give all necessary attention to the Working Group’s recommendations and inviting