A/HRC/33/55 The continued assaults on medical care deprive civilians and injured fighters of medical treatment, increasing the loss of life and the number of persons maimed. IV. Continuing violence behind the line 66. Much attention has been paid to the wax and wane of the cessation of hostilities agreement, and its impact on the country’s disparate battlefields. The decrease in violence during the months when the warring parties more closely adhered to the agreement vastly improved the conditions of civilian life. Such gains must not, however, obscure the fact that many of the often less visible violations appear to have continued unabated throughout the reporting period. A. Unlawful killings 67. Unlawful killings, including deaths in detention and summary executions, remain a hallmark of a blood-soaked war. 68. Reports of detainees perishing in government custody continued to be received from those fleeing the conflict. Consequently, there is sometimes a delay between families learning of the death and their accounts being documented. In March 2012, Military Security agents arbitrarily detained a man at his workshop in Dara’a. Having learned his whereabouts from a released prisoner, the man’s wife visited him twice in Sednaya prison in Damascus in early 2014. She described him as “emaciated” and barely able to stand on his own. In June 2016, she was informed that her husband had died of a heart attack in August 2014 and that she could go to Tishreen military hospital to obtain his death certificate. Sednaya prison is run by the military police corps of the army. Other similar accounts were received during the period under review. 69. While information indicates that government agencies retain information on the whereabouts of thousands of detainees and register their deaths, the practice of informing families in the event of death is random and irregular. In none of the cases documented did the Government surrender the body of the victim to the next of kin. 70. The massive and systematized nature of deaths in State-controlled detention facilities amounts to crimes against humanity and war crimes, as detailed in the report entitled “Out of sight, out of mind: deaths in detention in the Syrian Arab Republic”.3 Together with the failure to conduct transparent investigations, the Government has violated the right to life of those who have died in its custody. 71. Jabhat al-Nusra continues to govern communities through makeshift, unauthorized courts whose procedures bear no resemblance to a fair trial. In March, a court in Sarmada, Idlib, convicted three suspects of kidnapping for ransom, after which they were summarily executed. Such killings amount to the war crime of execution without due process. 72. On 20 July, Jabhat al-Nusra released a video in which its fighters summarily executed 12 government soldiers they had held hostage. The soldiers are shown being asked to state their names for the camera, after which they are all killed by gunshots to the head. 73. ISIL continues to unlawfully kill perceived enemies, including civilians and hors de combat fighters. On 26 February, ISIL militants camouflaged in YPG uniforms stormed Hammam al-Turkman village, Ar-Raqqah. During a three-day offensive, the terrorist group 3 12 Available from www.ohchr.org/EN/HRBodies/HRC/IICISyria/Pages/Documentation.aspx.

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