A/HRC/22/56
disclosure; social withdrawal and difficulty making relationships with others, especially men;
sexual dysfunction; suicidal ideation, self harm and suicide attempts.
76.
Overall twenty seven people (54%) in this case sample expressed ideas of self harm or
of suicide during their assessment process that were directly related to their experiences of
detention and torture in Iran and their ongoing symptoms of PTSD and depression arising
from this trauma, as well as their experience of seeking protection in the UK in some cases
(particularly the fear of removal). Ten people had indeed carried out acts of self harm (20%)
and six had made suicide attempts (12%), some in Iran but mostly in the UK following flight.
Some individuals had made several attempts and were considered to be at continued risk of
suicide at the time of examination.
Overall conclusions on the clinical findings – congruence with attribution
of torture
77.
In their clinical opinion and concluding observations for the MLRs in the 50 sampled
cases, examining clinicians drew together the salient elements of the account of detention and
torture and the clinical evidence which may or may not have supported this history. This
included: summary of the history and torture methods described; physical findings including
lesions and their consistency with the attributed cause of torture, or lack of physical findings
with clinical reasons; presence of lesions attributed by the person to other causes (nontorture), demonstrating no attempt to embellish the account; psychological findings,
including symptoms of PTSD and depression related or unrelated to the history of detention
and torture, with clinical reasons; mode of narration of the history including demeanour and
affect, level of detail and consistency of the account or lack of these, with clinical reasons
and the possibility of fabrication or embellishment of the account of torture, or of alternative
explanation for the clinical evidence. Clinicians in all 50 cases found there to be sufficient
physical and/or psychological evidence to support the account given and an overall
congruence between the clinical findings and the history of detention and torture in Iran in
the given period.
43
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