A/HRC/25/48 from exploitation; it is also beneficial for the socioeconomic development of societies as a whole.51 89. Social protection is also an important element of strategies aiming to protect children from sale and sexual exploitation. Social protection includes a range of interventions, such as transfers in cash or in kind, social services, social insurance and protection from discriminatory practices.52 90. The United Nations has stepped up its engagement in this area. The Social Protection Floor Initiative, a United Nations joint initiative led by the International Labour Organization (ILO) and the World Health Organization (WHO), was launched in 2009.53 It acknowledges the importance of social justice for human dignity and social cohesion and emphasizes the right of everyone to an adequate standard of living, achieved by having their basic needs met. 91. The 2013 ILO World Report on Child Labour also concentrates on economic vulnerability and the role of social protection in addressing child labour. The report concludes that social protection alone is not sufficient to prevent and address child labour. Complementary measures, particularly those related to health and schooling, are needed for effective protection.54 Preventive measures55 9. 92. Prevention is the key to an effective, rights-based child protection system. It aims to avoid harm or mitigate its effects, including by avoiding revictimization. Primary prevention involves the universal provision of quality social services in order to prevent problems from arising. Secondary prevention concentrates on specific at-risk groups by providing additional targeted support. Tertiary prevention targets perpetrators and/or victims to limit the effects of the violation and prevent it from reoccurring. 93. Preventive measures are both universal and targeted. They are effective if they tackle the multiple facets of child vulnerability, building in a sustainable manner on the full range of policy instruments listed in the present report, including legislation, social policy, international cooperation and capacity-building. 10. Capacity-building 94. In many places, low capacities, including financial and human resources, thwart efforts to tackle any form of abuse, violence and exploitation of children and to care for victims. Significant efforts are needed to train professionals to identify and address the relevant crimes and foster child-sensitive approaches to prevent and combat these child rights violations. Capacity-building also necessitates adequate budgetary allocations to enable the relevant institutions and services to operate effectively. 51 52 53 54 55 18 Save the Children, Strengthening families: Save the Children programs in support of child care and parenting policies (2012). Available from http://resourcecentre.savethechildren.se/sites/default/files/documents/7049.pdf. Ibid. See www.socialprotectionfloor-gateway.org/index.html. ILO, World Report on Child Labour: Economic vulnerability, social protection and the fight against child labour (International Labour Office, Geneva, 2013). See the report of the Special Rapporteur on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography on effective prevention strategies in combating the sale and sexual exploitation of children (A/68/275).