A/HRC/31/48 sector reforms. For example, the national police force and the civil protection force now have a disciplinary code and a code of ethics. 8. On 28 September 2015, the Government inaugurated a hydroelectric dam that has already considerably improved the supply of electricity to the capital and some cities in Basse-Guinée and Moyenne-Guinée. The State continues to invest in basic infrastructure, roads, health-care facilities and recreational centres. 9. Nevertheless, in 2015 Guinea ranked 182nd out of 188 in the UNDP human development index. 1 Ebola virus disease, which broke out in 2014, and the drop in the price of raw materials on the global market severely strained the country ’s economy. Foreign investment plummeted, causing high unemployment and sending the country into economic stagnation. III. Situation of human rights A. Violations committed in the context of the protests 10. Many clashes occurred from April to October 2015 between law enforcement officers and groups of protesters and between the President’s sympathizers and opposition supporters, resulting in death and injury owing to the violence resorted to by the protesters and excessive use of force by the police. 11. The country office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights in Guinea recorded six killings during protests by the political opposition between April and October. 12. For example, on 13 and 14 April 2015, despite the ban declared by the authorities, 2 the opposition organized demonstrations in a number of neighbourhoods of Conakry to protest against insecurity in the country and an attack against their spokesperson. 3 Large numbers of protesters, armed with clubs, slingshots and rocks, barricaded roads. The protests led to clashes with the security forces, resulting in the death of a 30-year-old man in the Hamdallaye neighbourhood of Ratoma. According to witnesses, the man was shot by a gendarme. 13. On 7 May 2015, also during political protests in the Hamdallaye neighbourhood, a 34-year-old man was shot and killed, allegedly by a gendarme. 14. On 7 October 2015, gendarmes allegedly fired at supporters of an opposition party, Union des forces démocratiques de Guinée, who had gathered in the Wanindara, Marché II sector in Conakry. A 23-year-old man was killed by gunfire and another injured and more than 100 people were arrested. 15. The staff of the country office visited three public and private health -care facilities in Conakry and met with nine individuals injured by gunfire during the protests of 13 and 14 April 2015. Several injured persons and witnesses stated that the shooters were police officers and gendarmes. In a clinic in Conakry, staff of the country office met with two other people injured by bullets allegedly shot by gendarmes during the protests of 20 April 2015. At the Conakry pri son, staff of the country office visited two minors who were arrested during the protests of 13 and 14 __________________ 1 2 3 4/15 See http://hdr.undp.org/en/composite/HDI. Because they did not recognize the lawfulness of the competent authorities (special delegations), the opposition groups had decided not to submit a written request to the authorities, leading to a ban on protests for failure to comply with procedure. On the night of 4 April 2015, a member of parliament and spokesperson, Aboubacar Sylla, was attacked in Conakry. While he was driving, two unidentified armed individuals allegedly ordered him to pull over and attempted to enter the vehicle. GE.16-00828